نتایج جستجو برای: secondary plastids
تعداد نتایج: 306522 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Within plastid-bearing species, the relative rates of evolution between mitochondrial and plastid genomes are poorly studied, but for the few lineages in which they have been explored, including land plants and green algae, the mitochondrial DNA mutation rate is nearly always estimated to be lower than or equal to that of the plastid DNA. Here, we show that in protists from three distinct linea...
This is an update for the 5S rRNA sequences of the BERLIN RNA DATABANK last published in 1990 (1). The new entry consists of 25 eubacterial and 2 eukaryotic 5S rRNA sequences and 10 plant 5S rRNA pseudogenes (Table 1). Thus the BERLIN RNA DATABANK contains as of February 1, 1991 the 5S rRNA sequences of 44 archaebacteria, 292 eubacteria, 20 plastids, 6 mitochondria, 321 eukaryotes and 21 eukary...
Algae are simple photosynthetic eukaryotes which—owing to their colonization of the oceans—are responsible for up to 50% of the planet’s atmospheric carbon fixation (22). They comprise a diverse group that can broadly be defined as unicellular (microalgae) or multicellular (macroalgae) photosynthetic organisms that lack roots, stems, leaves, conducting vessels, and complex sex organs (55). A si...
to analyze their intrinsic mechanisms. Easy observation of chlorophyll facilitates the study of the underlying mechanisms in chloroplasts, but not in other plastid types. Here, we constructed a transgenic plant enabling visualization of plastids in pollen grains. Combination of a plastid-targeted fl uorescent protein with a pollen-specifi c promoter allowed us to observe the precise number, siz...
Transgenic tomato plants that constitutively express a foreign plastocyanin gene were used to study protein transport in different tissues. Normally expression of endogenous plastocyanin genes in plants is restricted to photosynthetic tissues only, whereas this foreign plastocyanin protein is found to be present in all tissues examined. The protein is transported into the local plastids in thes...
Chemical regulation of secondary-metabolite synthesis was investigated through the improvement of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) production in transgenic tobacco plants by the use of enzyme inhibitors. Two tobacco lines, BC3 and rCAB8, that produce PHB in both the cytosol and plastids were used. An acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor, D-(+)-Quizalofop-ethyl, increased PHB accumulation in both lines ...
The first enzyme of the shikimate pathway, 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate synthase (EC 4.1.2.15), is induced by wounding potato or tomato tissue. The increase in enzyme activity is associated with elevated amounts of the enzyme as determined by immunoblots. The specific wound-induced protein synthesis is preceded by an increase in the mRNA encoding this enzyme. The induced mRNA of ...
A novel algorithm and original software were used to cluster all proteins encoded in plastids of 72 species of the rhodophytic branch. The results are publicly available at http://lab6.iitp.ru/ppc/redline72/ in a database that allows fast identification of clusters (protein families) both by a fragment of an amino acid sequence and by a phylogenetic profile of a protein. No such integral cluste...
Diatoms are unicellular algae with plastids acquired by secondary endosymbiosis. They are responsible for approximately 20% of global carbon fixation. We report the 34 million-base pair draft nuclear genome of the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana and its 129 thousand-base pair plastid and 44 thousand-base pair mitochondrial genomes. Sequence and optical restriction mapping revealed 24 dip...
The plastid genome is transcribed by two distinct RNA polymerases, the PEP encoded by the plastid genome and the NEP encoded in the nucleus. Initial models of plastid transcription held that the NEP is responsible for the transcription of housekeeping genes needed early in development, and that the PEP transcribes genes required for photosynthesis. Recently, this model was challenged by the dis...
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