It is well known that adult dispersal is common in soft bottom intertidal and shallow subtidal communities. We here report on the first study that attempts to quantify the effects of both immigration and emigration on patches of soft sediment communities. Some species show adaptive emigration from the seabed, although dispersal direction, distance, and colonization success are probably strongly...

There is evidence for 10 mechanisms of sediment distribution in small lakes. The sediment accumulation rates measured from a common horizon in cores from 64 sites on Esthwaite Water, U.K., were used to determine the relative importance of these mechanisms on the distribution of sediment in the lake. River inflows generally produced localized effects but there were indications of periodic turbid...

About one third of the anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) released into the atmosphere in the past two centuries has been taken up by the ocean. As CO2 invades the surface ocean, carbonate ion concentrations and pH are lowered. Laboratory studies indicate that this reduces the calcification rates of marine calcifying organisms, including planktic foraminifera. Such a reduction in calcification ...

Grass strips can decrease erosion, trap sediment in silt-laden water flowing downhill, and control nonpoint source pollution. Determining the effects of different parts grass on overland flow will improve our understanding trapping by with structures. Sediment was studied using a 5° slope, 30 L min?1 m?1 rate, 120 g L?1 concentration, aboveground components (complete grass, removed green wither...

Fluxes of particulate organic carbon (POC) in the East China Sea (ECS) have been reported to decrease from the inner continental shelf towards the outer continental shelf. Recent research has shown that POC fluxes in the ECS may be overestimated due to active sediment resuspension. To better characterize the effect of sediment resuspension on particle fluxes in the ECS, rare earth elements (REE...

Positive feedbacks cause a nonlinear response of ecosystems to environmental change and may even cause bistability. Even though the importance of feedback mechanisms has been demonstrated for many types of ecosystems, their identification and quantification is still difficult. Here, we investigated whether positive feedbacks between seagrasses and light conditions are likely in seagrass ecosyst...

Quantifying effectiveness of agricultural BMPs at the watershed scale is a challenging issue, requiring robust algorithms to simulate not only the agricultural production system but also pollutant transport and fate. This research addresses the challenge to simulate performances of BMPs in reducing organophosphates (OPs) runoff at the watershed scale. The SWAT model is calibrated and validated ...

Researchers have independently documented the effects of land use on rivers and threats to river management institutions, but the relationship between changes in institutional context and river condition is not well described. This study assesses the connections between resource management institutions, land use, and rivers by integrating social science, geospatial analysis, and geomorphology. ...