The paper proposes a novel principle of rational self-locating belief that refers to the epistemic agent’s causal context. The principle is motivated and applied to some of the most-discussed problems of self-locating belief including the Doomsday Argument, the Serpent’s Advice scenario, the Presumptuous Philosopher problem, the Sleeping Beauty problem, and the problem of confirmation in the Ev...

background cigarette smoking is a common problem among teenagers. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of cigarette smoking among teen boys in marivan city, based on health belief model. materials and methods a cluster randomized sample of 470 male students with16.2±2.5   from 6 secondary schools of marivan city- iran, completed a self-report and questionnaire consisting of hea...

We examine the role of off-path “superstitions” in macro-economics, and show how a false belief about off-path play is the key element underlying both the Lucas Critique and the game-theoretic concept of self-confirming equilibrium. However, the impact of false beliefs in these two cases is different: In the Lucas case, a policy maker’s incorrect beliefs about off-path play can lead to the adop...

We propose that White men derive a psychological benefit from believing that affirmative action is a quota-based policy. Three studies provide evidence that quota beliefs protect White men’s self-esteem by boosting their sense of self-competence. Study 1 found a positive relationship between quota beliefs and self-esteem that was mediated by self-perceived competence. In Studies 2 and 3, the be...

Abstract According to the pragmatic hypothesis testing theory, how much evidence we require before believe something varies depending on expected costs of falsely believing and disbelieving it. This theory has been used in self-deception debate explain our tendencies towards self-deceptive belief formation. article argues that application this overlooked distinction between acceptance, all like...

Contemporary philosophers have routinely claimed that agnostics, who lack belief God exists, can nonetheless adopt alternative attitudes toward a supposed act as substitutes for belief, and may thereby reap benefits associated with theistic belief. This study tested this hypothesis empirically in an online sample of self-identified agnostics (N = 360). Previous findings anxious attachment to is...

(2005) Seeing it my way: a case of a selective deficit in inhibiting self-perspective. The Nottingham ePrints service makes this work by researchers of the University of Nottingham available open access under the following conditions. · To the extent reasonable and practicable the material made available in Nottingham ePrints has been checked for eligibility before being made available. · Copie...