Recent research demonstrated structural overlap between reward and self processing, but the functional relationship that explains how self processing influences reward processing remains unclear. The present study used an experimentally constrained reflection task to investigate whether individuals' outcome evaluations in a gambling task are modulated by task-unrelated self- and other-reflectio...

Research on temporal comparisons has revealed that people's memories about their past selves or past relationships are negatively biased, and indicated that such bias leads to greater satisfaction with their present self or relationships. The present study explored whether such downward temporal comparisons occur with regard to memories of new-student orientation, and examined its effects on fr...

OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of country material distribution on adolescents' perceptions of health. DESIGN Cross sectional multilevel study. SETTING Data were collected from the school based health behaviour in school aged children: WHO cross national study 1997/98, which includes students from 27 European and North American countries. PARTICIPANTS 12 0381 students in year 6, 8, and 10...

The study aimed to investigate whether social engagement predicted longitudinally objective and subjective physical health. Measures of social engagement, subjective and objective health were taken at three points in time, 4 years apart (T1, T2, T3). Three questions were examined: does social engagement at T1 predict objective/subjective health at T2, does social engagement at T2 predict object...

In this paper, we propose a new self-organization scheme, DICSION (Data-centrIC Self-organizatION), which can improve the energy efficiency and prolong network lifetime of wireless sensor networks. Since a large number of sensor nodes are densely deployed, neighboring nodes may be very close to each other. Therefore, we assume that sensor nodes have a high possibility to collect the duplicate d...

This study examined social inequalities in health in the second half of life. Data for empirical analyses came from the second wave of the German Ageing Survey (DEAS), an ongoing population-based, representative study of community dwelling persons living in Germany, aged 40-85 years (N = 2,787). Three different indicators for socioeconomic status (SES; education, income, financial assets as an ...

The aim of the study was to study the effects of a flexible shift system (based on self-determined work hours) with respect to sleep/wake complaints and subjective health. The comparison group was a rapidly rotating shift system, with frequently occurring quick returns. A secondary aim was to examine the relation between work hour characteristics indicating compressed or difficult rosters (e.g....

Three studies investigated whether self-affirmation can proceed without awareness, whether people are aware of the influence of experimental self-affirmations, and whether such awareness facilitates or undermines the self-affirmation process. The authors found that self-affirmation effects could proceed without awareness, as implicit self-affirming primes (utilizing sentence-unscrambling proced...

The present research re-examines one of the most basic findings regarding the evaluation of hedonic experiences: the end effect. The end effect suggests that people’s retrospective evaluations of an experience are disproportionately influenced by the final moments of the experience. The findings in this paper indicate that endings are not inherently over-weighted in retrospective evaluations. T...