In the real world, it is not always true that the nextdoor house is close to my house, in other words, “neighbors” are not always “true neighbors”. In this study, we propose a new Self-Organizing Map (SOM) algorithm, SOM with False Neighbor degree between neurons (called FN-SOM). The behavior of FN-SOM is investigated with learning for various input data. We confirm that FN-SOM can obtain the m...

This paper proposes an extension of an SOM called the “SOM of SOMs,” or SOM, in which objects to be mapped are self-organizing maps. In SOM, each nodal unit of a conventional SOM is replaced by a function module of SOM. Therefore, SOM can be regarded as a variation of a modular network SOM (mnSOM). Since each child SOM module in SOM is trained to represent an individual map, the parent map in S...

In this paper, the idea of creating a system to analyze and improve quality of 2D images is presented. Proposed model operates on self-organizing Kohonen network. For this purpose, the method of image processing and preparation of vectors representing the components of the image are described. Tests on various images were made and presented.

The Kohonen Algorithm was extended by (a) a coupling between node and input space based upon gravitational principles and (b) a controling mechanism based upon two-point correlation functions. The extended algorithm avoids optimization of the learning rate and neighbourhood parameters. Applications are given for both a 3-dimensional example data set with mixed topologies and a 13-dimensional da...

A Hierarchical Extended Kohonen Map (HEKM) learns to associate actions to perceptions under the supervision of a planner: they cooperate to solve path nding problems. We argue for the utility of using the hierarchical version of the KM instead of the \ at" KM. We measure the bene ts of cooperative learning due to the interaction of neighboring neurons in the HEKM. We highlight a bene cial side-...

Many theoretical papers are published about the Kohonen algorithm. It is not easy to understand what is exactly proved, because of the great variety of mathematical methods. Despite all these eeorts, many problems remain without solution. In this small review paper, we intend to sum up the situation.