In recent years, it has become clear that attention plays an important role in spoken word production. Some of this evidence comes from distributional analyses reaction time (RT) regular picture naming and picture-word interference. Yet we lack a mechanistic account how the properties RT distributions come to reflect attentional processes these may turn modulate amount conflict between lexical ...

We used the event-related potential (ERP) approach combined with a subtraction technique to explore the timecourse of activation of semantic and phonological representations in the picture-word interference paradigm. Subjects were exposed to to-be-named pictures superimposed on to-be-ignored semantically related, phonologically related, or unrelated words, and distinct ERP waveforms were genera...

Class hierarchy composition aims at constructing software systems by composing a set of class hierarchies into an executable system. Current composition algorithms cannot provide semantic guarantees. We present a composition algorithm, together with an interference criterion and its correctness proof, which guarantees that behavior of the original hierarchies is preserved for interference-free ...

Comprehenders predict upcoming speech and text on the basis of linguistic input. How many predictions do comprehenders make for an upcoming word? If a listener strongly expects to hear the word "sock", is the word "shirt" partially expected as well, is it actively inhibited, or is it ignored? The present research addressed these questions by measuring the "downstream" effects of prediction on t...

Two variations of the picture-word analogue of the Stroop task were examined in an effort to gain a better understanding of the processes involved in responding to picture-word stimuli. Four stages in this process were outlined and then evaluated as potential sources of the interference in these types of tasks. In Experiment 1 subjects were required to respond yes or no (vocally or manually) to...

When naming pictures, categorically-related compared to unrelated contexts typically slow production. We investigated proposed roles for the left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) and posterior middle and superior temporal gyri (pMTG/STG) in mediating this semantic interference effect. In a three-way, cross-over, sham-controlled study, we applied online anodal transcranial Direct Current Stimulatio...

An ever growing number of deployed wireless networks dictates a tempo with which the inter-network cooperation techniques are being developed. Cooperation, in this sense, can go far beyond a simple activation of an interference avoidance techniques. This paper describes and evaluates the performance of a reinforcement learning based reasoning engine, used in a selflearning, cognitively controll...

Since measures of psychopathy have been extended downward from adults to adolescents, investigators have examined the validity of “juvenile psychopathy” by assessing whether its pattern of association with other constructs (e.g., symptoms, antisocial behavior) replicates the pattern found in adults. Few of these studies have focused on potentially explanatory constructs like response modulation...

There is evidence that vulnerability to proactive semantic interference may be an early manifestation of early Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. At present, there is a paucity of data regarding the extent to which such deficits relate to the progression of cognitive deficits and to clinically significant endpoints such as dementia. In this study, we followed 76 older ad...

The present case continues the series of anomia treatment studies with contextual priming (CP), being the second in-depth treatment study conducted for an individual suffering from semantically based anomia. Our aim was to acquire further evidence of the facilitation and interference effects of the CP treatment on semantic anomia. Based on the results of the study of , our hypothesis before the...