we present a rule-based answer validation (AV) system based on textual entailment (TE) recognition mechanism that uses semantic features expressed in the Universal Networking Language (UNL). We consider the question as the TE hypothesis (H) and the supporting text as TE text (T). Our proposed TE system compares the UNL relations in both T and H in order to identify the entailment relation as ei...

This paper examines the possibility of a ‘reject option’ in the context of least squares regression. It is shown that using rejection it is theoretically possible to learn ‘selective’ regressors that can ǫ-pointwise track the best regressor in hindsight from the same hypothesis class, while rejecting only a bounded portion of the domain. Moreover, the rejected volume vanishes with the training ...

The MX/G/1 queue with finite waiting room is studied for both the partially rejected model and the totally rejected model. We start by studying the joint distribution of the number of customers at time t and the remaining service time of customer in service. This gives the asymptotic distribution of the number of customers at an arbitrary moment and immediately after a departure. Also the waiti...

BACKGROUND Objective criteria for predicting residents' performance do not exist. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that global assessment by an intern selection committee (ISC) would correlate with the future performance of residents. METHODS A prospective study of 277 residents between 1992 and 1999. Global assessment at the time of interview was compared to subsequent cl...

the problem of aggregation over micro units has had along tradition in the econometrics literature, streching backto the pioneering work of theil (1954). in this literature two issues in particular have attracted attention. the first concentrates on the przdiction problem of choosing whether to use macro or micro equations to predict aggregate variables. this issue was raised by grunfeld and gr...

Background In science, statistics are universally used for making an inference about a population from sample data. The purpose of statistical inference is to determine if a proposed null hypothesis can be rejected, by comparing the probability of an observation to occur under the null hypothesis (p-value) to a chosen alpha level of confidence. The null hypothesis is rejected if the p-value is ...

abstract background: in‑service training of nursing personnel has a significant role in increasing the empowerment of nurses and promotion of the quality of health services. the objective of this study is to identify and explain the process of in-service training of nursing personnel in the hospitals affiliated with baqiyatallah university of medical sciences in tehran. materials and methods: t...