In this paper, we propose a simple technique for the reduction of high Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR), based on Clipping and Differential Scaling, in Orthogonal FrequencyDivision Multiplexing (OFDM) systems. In this technique, the amplitude of complex OFDM signal is clippedand then scaled in such a way so that the PAPR is reduced without causingmuch degradation in bit error rate (BER). We h...

Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) transmission technique, in which both transmitter and receiver are equipped with multiple antennas, is attracting attention due to its many advantages such as its throughput improvement. For this reason, various cellular mobile radio systems based on MIMO have been developed such as 3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) [1] and Mobile WiMAX [2]. MIMO technique is also a...

Background. Plasma concentrations of HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) and its major protein component apolipoprotein (Apo) A-I are strongly inversely associated with cardiovascular risk, leading to the concept that therapy to increase HDL-C and ApoA-I concentrations would be antiatherosclerotic and protective against cardiovascular events. The recent failure of the drug torcetrapib, a cholesteryl ester ...

A common theme in modern wireless communications is the use of multi-antenna techniques , such as beamforming and spatial multiplexing in order to improve the cell capacity and throughput. A common problem encountered by customers today, is the inability to verify and visualize the signal at the RF antenna. This white paper will summarize multi-antenna techniques, before introducing the concept...

Application Note 2 As companies rush to get Long Term Evolution (LTE) products to market, engineers face tough challenges in testing these often complex devices. The mandate to include Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) means many engineers are working to optimize their multi-antenna architectures. To achieve time-to-market goals, the MIMO solutions under development need to work correctly i...

The practice of cofiring biomass in full-scale coal utility plants is increasing, due to the benefits of reduced fossil fuel based CO2 emissions. Biomass also tends to have a lower sulphur content than coal and therefore emissions of SO2 can be reduced. The same is true for NOx emissions from lower fuel nitrogen content. Further, the lower flame temperatures and different combustion stoichiomet...

The history of the theory of reference values can be written as an unfinished symphony. The first movement, allegro con fuoco, played from 1960 to 1980: a mix of themes devoted to the study of biological variability (intra-, inter-individual, short- and long-term), preanalytical conditions, standardization of analytical methods, quality control, statistical tools for deriving reference limits, ...