Active muscle shortening reduces the isometric force potential of muscle. This observation indicates that the isometric length-force characteristics are altered during muscle shortening. Post-shortening decrease in isometric force depends on starting length, shortening amplitude and shortening velocity. In the present study, post-shortening decrease in isometric force was determined after isoki...

Although the Andes are believed to have resulted mainly from crustal shortening, the shortening history remains debated and appears to require lateral (along-strike) crustal flow. Three-dimensional viscous flow modeling shows that, within geological uncertainties, the Andes may have been produced by either Neogene shortening alone or with significant preNeogene shortening. These scenarios requi...

Aneuploidy, the presence of an abnormal number of chromosomes in a cell, is one of the most obvious differences between normal and cancer cells. There is, however, debate on how aneuploid cells arise and whether or not they are a cause or a consequence of tumorigenesis. Further, it is important to distinguish aneuploidy (the "state" of the karyotype) from chromosomal instability (CIN; the "rate...

We explore the connections between crustal shortening, volcanism, and mantle dynamics in Atlas of Morocco. In response to compressional forces strain localization, this intraplate orogen has evolved far from convergent plate margins. Convective effects, such as lithospheric weakening plume-related contributed important ways building high topography. seek better understand how processes interact...