This letter discusses the problem of testing the degree of randomness within an image, particularly for a shuffled or encrypted image. Its key contributions are: 1) a mathematical model of perfectly shuffled images; 2) the derivation of the theoretical distribution of pixel differences; 3) a new Z-test based approach to differentiate whether or not a test image is perfectly shuffled; and 4) a r...

Recently, Combined Heat and Power (CHP) systems have been utilized increasingly in power systems. With the addition penetration of CHP-based co-generation of electricity and heat, the determination of economic dispatch of power and heat becomes a more complex and challenging issue. The optimal operation of CHP-based systems is inherently a nonlinear and non-convex optimization problem with a lo...

this study is investigated the optimum parameters for a tuned mass damper (tmd) under the seismic excitation. shuffled complex evolution (sce) is a meta-heuristic optimization method which is used to find the optimum damping and tuning frequency ratio for a tmd. the efficiency of the tmd is evaluated by decreasing the structural displacement dynamic magnification factor (ddmf) and acceleration ...