OBJECTIVE To determine if the metabolic cost of the incremental shuttle-walking test protocol is the same as treadmill walking or predicted values of walking-speed equations. SETTING Primary care (community-based cardiac rehabilitation). PARTICIPANTS Eight Caucasian cardiac rehabilitation patients (7 males) with a mean age of 67±5.2 years. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Oxygen con...

Die Shuttle-Heterodifunktionalisierungsreaktion, bei der zwei chemisch unterschiedliche funktionelle Gruppen zwischen Molekülen übertragen werden, war lange Zeit ein unerreichtes Ziel, da die Kontrolle Chemo-, Regio- und Stereoselektivität eine große Herausforderung darstellt. Wir präsentieren hier elektrochemische Shuttle-Reaktion (e-Shuttle), um selektiv RS- X-Gruppe β-Halogensulfiden ungesät...

abstract background and objective: according to the importance of learning and memory in the human life and also unavoidable neural degeneration due to aging, finding new compounds (drugs) against this process is valuable. however, there are many recommendations for herbal medicine and constituents which encouraged us to examine a candidate plant zingiber officinalis for the mentioned purpose. ...

conclusions according to the results of this study, administration of vitamin e to rats counteracts the negative effects of pb on learning and memory. to more precisely extrapolate these findings to humans, future clinical studies are warranted. results the results showed that pb caused impairment in acquisition and retrieval processes in passive avoidance learning. vitamin e reversed learning ...

background and objectives: parkinson's disease (pd) is a common neuropathologic disorder that is caused by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons of dense part of nigra. oxidative stress has been found in the pathophysiology of pd. since α-pinene has strong anti-oxidant effects, the purpose of this research was to study its effects on movement disorders and memory and lipid peroxidation in p...

objective(s):  the cholinergic system plays an important role in learning and memory. this study investigated the effects of curcumin (turmeric extract) and the cholinergic system and their interaction on memory retention of passive avoidance learning in adult male wistar rats. materials and methods: at first, an injection cannula was implanted in right ventricles of the animals. one week after...