There are currently great needs to develop low-cost inorganic materials that can efficiently perform solar water splitting as photoelectrolysis of water into hydrogen and oxygen has significant potential to provide clean energy. We investigate the Si/TiO(2) nanowire heterostructures to determine their potential for the photooxidation of water. We observed that highly dense Si/TiO(2) core/shell ...

The atomic-layer (AL) doping technique in epitaxy has attracted attention as a low-resistive ultrathin semiconductor film as well as a two-dimensional (2-D) carrier transport system. In this paper, we report carrier properties for B AL-doped Si films with suppressed thermal diffusion. B AL-doped Si films were formed on Si(100) by B AL formation followed by Si cap layer deposition in low-energy ...

Silicon (Si) is one of the most common elements in the earth bedrock, and its continental cycle is strongly biologically controlled. Yet, research on the biogeochemical cycle of Si in ecosystems is hampered by the time and cost associated with the currently used chemical analysis methods. Here, we assessed the suitability of Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) for measuring Si content...

Exercise 1. Design a combinatorial 2-approximation algorithm for Multiway Cut. 1. Consider i ∈ {1, . . . , k}. Show how to find a minimum cut (Si, S̄i) that separates si and T \ {si} (that is, a cut (S, S̄) such that si ∈ Si and sj ∈ S̄i for j 6= i). 2. Consider the following algorithm for the Multiway Cut problem. Find sets S1, . . . , Sk as described above. Remove all edges cut by cuts (S1, S̄1),...

Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D(4)) is an industrial chemical of significant commercial importance. In this study, its major urinary metabolites were identified. The urine samples described here were collected from male and female Fischer rats (F-344) administered [(14)C]D(4) i.v. The metabolite profile was obtained using an HPLC system equipped with a radioisotope detector. HPLC analysis was p...

Abstract The thermal resistance of semiconductor thin films is predicted using lattice dynamics (LD) calculations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We consider Si and Ge films with thicknesses, LF , between 0.2 nm and 30 nm that are confined between larger extents of the other species (i.e., Ge/Si/Ge and Si/Ge/Si structures). The LD predictions are made in the classical limit for compari...

Microstructure in the SrTiO3/Si system has been studied using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and image simulations. SrTiO3 grows heteroepitaxially on Si with the orientation relationship given by (001)STO//(001)Si and [100]STO//[110]Si. The lattice misfit between the SrTiO3 thin films and the Si substrate is accommodated by the presence of interfacial dislocations at the Si su...

Sub-monolayer surface phases of Sr on Si(0 0 1) have been studied with low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) and X-ray standing waves (XSW). A (3 · 1) phase was observed after depositing 0.6–0.8 ML Sr on room-temperature Si(0 0 1). Annealing at 750–800 C caused a portion of the Sr to desorb and resulted in a sharp (2 · 3) LEED pattern. Normal Si(0 0 4) and off-normal Si(0 2 2) and Si(1 1 1) XS...

Microsized nanostructured silicon-carbon composite is a promising anode material for high energy Li-ion batteries. However, large-scale synthesis of high-performance nano-Si materials at a low cost still remains a significant challenge. We report a scalable low cost method to synthesize Al/Na-doped and defect-abundant Si nanorods that have excellent electrochemical performance with high first-c...