Hyponatraemia is common, affecting about one in five of all hospitalized patients. Minor degrees of chronic hyponatraemia cause cognitive and motor impairment, and severe hyponatraemia is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is a common cause of hyponatraemia and is often poorly understood and inappropriately treat...

conclusions symptomatic hyponatremia secondary to siadh remains a rare complication of cryptococcal meningitis. case presentation a 67-year-old male with liver transplantation due to hepatitis c (hcv) related liver cirrhosis developed severe hyponatremia four months after liver transplantation, which was discovered during routine clinic visit. patient was referred to the emergency department, t...

Introdução: A síndrome da secreção inapropriada do hormônio antidiurético (SIADH) pode ser causada por tumores malignos ou benignos, doenças neurológicas e medicações. hiponatremia é o distúrbio hidroeletrolítico mais comum no paciente internado, a SIADH uma das causas comuns. está associada à internação prolongada aumento morbidade mortalidade dos pacientes. Portanto, seu tratamento correto es...

The inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-a, interleukin-1 (IL-l), and IL-61 cause the release of arginine vasopressin (AVP) and ACTH in viva and in vitro in animal studies (l-4). Current evidence now demonstrates that IL-6 is capable of releasing the two pituitary hormones in man (5, 6). Animal studies support a hypothalamic locus for these actions (4). This has not yet been demonstrat...

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) not only induces uncharacteristic clinical symptoms but also increases morbidity and mortality [1, 2]. The recent introduction of vaptans acting as V2-receptor antagonists considerably improved the unconvincing results of conventional treatment consisting of fluid restriction potentially combined with sodium supplementation and/or...

Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte imbalance in neurologic patients. The causes of hyponatremia are varied, but in neurologically ill patients, is most commonly attributed to Syndrome of Inappropriate Anti-diuresis and Cerebral Salt Wasting. Both these entities are cerebral in origin but have distinct pathophysiology, prognosis and treatment options. The importance of distinguishing bo...

Hyponatremia and increased urine output after calvarial remodeling have been noted in pediatric patients with craniosynostosis. If not treated properly, patients develop hypoosmotic conditions that can lead to cerebral edema, increased intracranial pressure, and collapsed circulation. Postoperative hyponatremia after central nervous system surgery is considered as the syndrome of inappropriate ...

We present a case of severe Mycobacterium kansasii infection due to the clinical and radiological progression and complicated with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). This 54-year-old male alcoholic and heavy smoker as predisposing factors presented severe anorexia, asthenia and cachexia. Abundant acid-fast bacilli (AFB) were observed in the patient’s sputum and pl...

The kidney and the brain play a major role in maintaining normal homeostasis of the extracellular fluid by neuroendocrine regulation of sodium and water balance. Therefore, disturbances of sodium balance are common in patients with central nervous system (CNS) disorders and clinicians should focus not only on the CNS lesion, but also on the potentially deleterious complications. Hyponatremia is...

Combined small cell carcinoma (SmCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) is a rare malignant neoplasm in the head and neck. This study presents the first reported case of combined SmCC and SqCC originating from the sinonasal tract accompanied by syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). An 80-year-old female presented with a four-week history of right nasal discharge, ...