Curcumin is active component of turmeric and isolated from the rhizome of turmeric, a phenolic natural product. One of inflammatory disease is multiple sclerosis, a multifocal chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of the CNS, which is also known as a perivascular demyelinating disease. Studies have been shown that neuro-inflammation can have both harmful and beneficial effects on the neuronal...

Introduction: The inflammatory response requires a coordinated integration of various signaling pathway including cyclooxygenase (COX). COX catalyzes the formation of prostaglandins from arachidonic acid. Among prostaglandins, 15-Deoxy-D12, 14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2), an endogenous ligand of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ), has been demonstrated to have anti-inflam...

Cell signaling is essential for individual cells to execute various tasks and respond changes in their environment. It carried out via diffusing molecules, whose transport often aided by directional advection. How diffusion advection together impact the accuracy of information transmission during remains poorly understood. Here, we study this problem using a simplified model signal presence abs...

A critical issue in the field of signal transduction is how signaling molecules are organized into different pathways within the same cell. The importance of assembling signaling molecules into architecturally defined complexes is emerging as an essential cellular strategy to ensure specificity and selectivity of signaling. Scaffold proteins function as the pillars of these transduction complex...

background: prediction of interaction sites within the membrane protein complexes using the sequence data is of a great importance, because it would find applications in modification of molecules transport through membrane, signaling pathways and drug targets of many diseases. nevertheless, it has gained little attention from the protein structural bioinformatics community. methods: in this stu...

in this paper, a general introduction is given, presenting the overactive bladder syndrome (oab) and its impact on the quality of life and economical burden in patients affected. moreover, the anatomy, physiology and histology of the lower urinary tract are discussed, followed by a brief overview on the possible role of prostaglandin (pg) and phosphodiesterase type 5 (pde5) in the urinary bladd...

Inflammatory condition is the consequence of defensive mechanism of immune system against viral and bacterial infection, tissue injury, UV radiation, stress and etc. Persistently acute inflammation leads to chronic phase which is characterized by production of pro-inflammatory mediators from T cells. These molecules (e.g. IL-6, TNF-&alpha, IL-1&beta and IL-17) are mostly pleiotropic cytokines i...

Metastasis means the dissemination of the cancer cells from one organ to another which is not directly connected to the primary site. Metastasis has a crucial role in the prognosis of cancer patients. A few theories, different types of cell and several molecular pathways have been proposed to explain the mechanism of metastasis. In this work, the related articles in the limited period of time, ...