Manure produced by livestock activity is a dangerous product capable of causing serious environmental pollution. Agronomic management practices on the use of manure may transform the target from a waste to a resource product. Experiments performed on comparison of manure with standard chemical fertilizers (CF) were studied under a double cropping per year regime (alfalfa, model I; Italian ryegr...

Legumes build soil fertility and contribute substantial amounts of N for sustainability of cereal based cropping systems. These lacking information for the system as a whole in rainfed pothwar were investigated through field experiments at two different locations i.e. (Research farm of University of Arid Agriculture Rawalpindi, UAAR and farmer’s fields in Chakwal district). Mung bean (Var. NM-9...

Three experiments were conducted to determine the effects of cattle age and dietary forage level on the utilization of corn fed whole or ground to feedlot cattle. In Exp. 1, 16 steers were used to investigate the effects of cattle age and corn processing on diet digestibility. Two cattle age categories were evaluated (weanling [254 +/- 20 kg BW] and yearling [477 +/- 29 kg BW]; eight steers per...

Three grass species, Agropyron desertorum (Agde) and Agropyron elongatum (Agel) and recently, Bromus tomentellus (Brto) are mainly used for range improvement as mixed seeding in semi-arid areas of Iran. Because there is little information about management of these grasses, this study was conducted at the Sisab Research Station in northern Iran to evaluate their responses to grazing management a...

Plant essential plant oils (EO) are volatile aromatic compounds with antimicrobial activity that can alter ruminal fermentation when used as dietary supplements. A feeding trial was conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of periparturient and early lactation dairy cows with a specific mixture of EO. Forty multiparous Holstein cows were randomly assigned to either control ...

To gain the effects of N fertilizer applications on N2O emissions and local climate change in fertilized rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) plantations in the tropics, we measured N2O fluxes from fertilized (75 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1)) and unfertilized rubber plantations at Xishuangbanna in southwest China over a 2-year period. The N2O emissions from the fertilized and unfertilized plots were 4.0 and 2.5 k...

Silage maize cultivation is gaining importance in organic farming, and thus its environmental climate impacts. The effects of digestate fertilization combination with different catch crops tillage intensities are investigated a long-term field experiment southern Germany. tested variants (a) after winter rye, plowed, unfertilized (b) fertilized biogas digestate, (c) legume-rich cover crop mixtu...

The amount of manure produced on dairy farms can affect the financial bottom line. Labor, equipment, and facilities are needed to move and store manure, all of which have a cost. Increased output of manure can represent losses in potentially digestible nutrients (increased feed costs). Lastly, the environmental impact of dairy farming is strongly related with the quantity and composition of man...