Dairy calves are extremely susceptible to gastro-intestinal disease during the preweaned period. The risk for disease decreases as the calf ages; therefore, I think it is important to break the pre-weaned period up into at least 2 distinct phases that likely need to be managed differently, early life (1 and maybe the 2 week of life) and the remaining time the calf is fed fluid (milk or milk rep...

not only aimed at mechanical cleansing of the gastro-intestinal tract from mouth to anus and nasal passages from anterior nares to nasopharynx, but they also helped the performer to develop his gastro-intestinal musculature, together with a certain amount of volitional control of these so called involuntary muscles. With the advent of bacteriology although the conception of disease and its caus...

Kim sJ et al, in a study, noted 58 patients of total 256 patients of scrub typhus had gastro-intestinal symptoms and were subjected to esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy. The endoscopic findings were graded as Grade I, normal, nonspecific hyperemia; Grade II, distinct hyperemia, petechiae, purpura; Grade III, superficial hemorrhage, erosion; and Grade IV, ulcer, active bleeding. In 83.3% of patients ...

The methanolic extract of fruit of Benincasa hispida (BHFE) was evaluated for its antidiarrheal potential against several experimental models of diarrhea in rats. BHFE treated animals showed significant inhibi-tory activity against castor oil induced diarrhea and inhibited PGE2 induced enter pooling in rats. It also showed significant reduction in gastro intestinal motility following charcoal m...

Loss OF weight with loss of body protein is not uncommon in malabsorption syndromes although severe hypoproteinaemia is rare. This paper briefly reviews the causes of protein malnutrition due to gastro-intestinal disease, describes the clinical features and discusses methods of treatment. The features of proteinlosing enteropathy will not be described as this subject was fully discussed at a si...

Recent guidelines indicate that oral probiotics, living microorganisms able to confer a health benefit on the host, should be safe for human consumption, when administered in a sufficient amount, and resist acid and bile to exert their beneficial effects (e.g., metabolic, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, competitive). This study evaluated quantitative and qualitative aspects and the viabili...

The article by Obeidat andRandhawain this issue “Gastrointestinal complications in critical care patients and effects of mechanical ventilation on the gastrointestinal tract”1is a great reminder important topicand must read for ICU clinicians. interaction between gastro-intestinal system respiratory is tight yet not fully understoodcomplex one, unfortunately gets overlooked.

Gastrointestinal involvement in neurofibromatosis is well recognised. We present an unusual manifestation of gastro-intestinal neurofibromatosis--chronic gastrointestinal bleeding from extensive smooth muscle tumours.