6D SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) or 6D Concurrent Localization and Mapping of mobile robots considers six degrees of freedom for the robot pose, namely, the x, y and z coordinates and the roll, yaw and pitch angles. In previous work we presented our scan matching based 6D SLAM approach [10–12,16], where scan matching is based on the well known iterative closest point (ICP) algori...