A musical score provides a great deal of information about a piece of music. In this paper we consider the incorporation of a music score to guide source separation on a single channel recording. We propose a method based on synthesizing lines of music in the score. Dynamic time warping (DTW) is used to to fit the synthesized data to the recording. These are then used as prior distributions in ...

The lifetimes of the unitary currents from ion channels, as revealed from single-channel recording, are traditionally thought to follow exponential or multiexponential distributions. The interpretation of these event-time distributions is that the gating process follows Markov kinetics among a small number of states. There is recent evidence, however, that certain systems exhibit distributions ...

1. The properties of voltage-dependent calcium channels have been measured in Retzius cells isolated from the central nervous system of the leech and maintained in tissue culture. 2. Macroscopic divalent cation currents were isolated after blocking Na and K currents by bathing the cells with Na-free solutions containing TEA and 4-AP, and internally perfusing them with Cs and TEA. Depolarizing v...

Amphibian myelinated nerve fibers were treated with collagenase and protease. Axons with retraction of the myelin sheath were patch-clamped in the nodal and paranodal region. One type of Na channel was found. It has a single-channel conductance of 11 pS (15 degrees C) and is blocked by tetrodotoxin. Averaged events show the typical activation and inactivation kinetics of macroscopic Na current....

The ability to record well-isolated action potentials from individual neurons in naturally behaving animals is crucial for understanding neural mechanisms underlying natural behaviors. Traditional neurophysiology techniques, however, require the animal to be restrained which often restricts natural behavior. An example is the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), a highly vocal New World primat...

Non-invasive fetal electrocardiograms (FECGs) are an alternative method to standard means of fetal monitoring which permit long-term continual monitoring. However, in abdominal recording, the FECG amplitude is weak in the temporal domain and overlaps with the maternal electrocardiogram (MECG) in the spectral domain. Research in the area of non-invasive separations of FECG from abdominal electro...

Invertebrate photoreceptor electrophysiology has mainly been studied with intracellular microelectrodes. Single-channel recording has proved to be difficult, possibly because of unusual plasma membrane configurations; in Limulus polyphemus successful gigaohm seals were obtained only after pronase treatment and brief sonication (Bacigalupo and Lisman, 1983). Here we describe an isolated Hermisse...

Nuclear calcium appears to have an important role in the regulation of gene expression in many cells, but the mechanisms involved in controlling nuclear Ca2+ signaling are controversial and still poorly understood. We have described the presence of inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate (IP3) receptors in the nuclei of skeletal muscle cells. Now, we have characterized the properties of the IP3 receptors ...