Turbulence enhances the wall shear stress in boundary layers, significantly increasing drag on streamlined bodies. Other flow features such as free stream pressure gradients and streamwise layer growth also strongly influence local skin friction. In this paper, an angular momentum integral (AMI) equation is introduced to quantify these effects by representing them torques that alter shape of me...

Non-Newtonian flow from a wedge constitutes fundamental problem in chemical<br /> engineering systems and is relevant to processing of polymers, coating systems, etc. Motivated by such applications, the homotopy analysis method (HAM) was employed to<br obtain semi-analytical solutions for thermal convection boundary layer incompressible micropolar fluid two-dimensional body (wedge). Vi...

Tangential and normal velocity profiles of the boundary layer surrounding live swimming fish were determined by digital particle tracking velocimetry, DPTV. Two species were examined: the scup Stenotomus chrysops, a carangiform swimmer, and the smooth dogfish Mustelus canis, an anguilliform swimmer. Measurements were taken at several locations over the surfaces of the fish and throughout comple...