A computer-based system that automates sleep studies, including sleep deprivation paradigms, is described. The system allows for total or REM-specific sleep deprivation and is based on a reliable, fast-responding, on-line state detection algorithm linked to a dependable intervention device. Behavioral state detection is achieved by dimension reduction of short-term EEG power spectrum. Intervent...

Objective: We designed this study to investigate the mechanism of cellular prion protein (PrPC) in memory impairment induced by sleep-deprivation. Methods: Rats were deprived of sleep for 72 h using the modified multiple platform method. The Morris water maze task was used to assess hippocampal-dependent spatial memory. After sleep-deprivation, the rats were sacrificed and their brain tissue wa...

Prolonged sleep deprivation is stressful and has been associated with adverse consequences for health and cognitive performance. Here, we show that sleep deprivation inhibits adult neurogenesis at a time when circulating levels of corticosterone are elevated. Moreover, clamping levels of this hormone prevents the sleep deprivation-induced reduction of cell proliferation. The recovery of normal ...

Fatigue is a recognised problem in the transport industry. It has been attributed to two main influences: time of day and the time since last sleep. While the role of these two influences in producing fatigue is not disputed, there is less agreement on how they interact with one another. The aim of this study was to examine the relative effects of time of day and sleep deprivation on fatigue an...

Sleep deprivation impairs the formation of new memories. However, marked interindividual variability exists in the degree to which sleep loss compromises learning, the mechanistic reasons for which are unclear. Furthermore, which physiological sleep processes restore learning ability following sleep deprivation are similarly unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the structural morphology of human ...

STUDY OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether paradoxical sleep deprivation-induced memory impairments are due to release of glucocorticoids, by means of corticosterone inhibition with metyrapone. DESIGN The design was a 2 (Groups [control, paradoxical sleep-deprived]) x 2 (Treatments [vehicle, metyrapone]) study, performed in 2 experiments: Acute treatment (single injection given immediately after 96...

Delirium occurs frequently in critically ill patients and has been associated with both short-term and long-term consequences. Efforts to decrease delirium prevalence have been directed at identifying and modifying its risk factors. One potentially modifiable risk factor is sleep deprivation. Critically ill patients are known to experience poor sleep quality with severe sleep fragmentation and ...

Sleep deprivation is known to exert detrimental effects on various cognitive domains, including attention, vigilance and working memory. Seemingly at odds with these findings, prior studies repeatedly failed to evidence an impact of prior sleep deprivation on cognitive interference in the Stroop test, a hallmark paradigm in the study of cognitive control abilities. The present study investigate...

While sleep loss is shown to have widespread effects on cognitive processes, little is known about the impact of sleep loss on emotion processes. In order to expand on previous behavioral and physiological findings on how sleep loss influences emotion processing, we administered positive, negative, and neutral affective visual stimuli to individuals after one night of sleep deprivation while si...

OBJECTIVE The circadian secretory profiles of cortisol and growth hormone (hGH) in normal subjects are interrelated. Slight alterations in cortisol secretion are paralleled by similar ones of hGH secretion. Under physiological conditions an inhibitory effect of glucocorticoids on hGH secretion is more potent than a stimulatory one, while in normal young subjects the nychtohemeral cortisol and h...