in this paper, effects of the cross shore and groyne wall slopes on flow parameters around an impermeable groyne were considered using a three-dimensional numerical cfd model (i.e., fluent). the k-ε turbulence model was used to evaluate the reynolds stresses. the model was first applied to a vertical groyne on a flat bed and the model results were compared with the relevant experimental data. t...

Soil loss erosion is one of the most serious environmental problems (widespread globally), which is a menace to sustainable ecosystems and agriculture. As the previous studies show, the world’s highest soil loss rates due to erosion are in three continents, i.e. Asia, Africa, and South America. A new method was proposed to statistically evaluate the most appropriate cell size for LS factor inpu...

Open-cut coal mining in Queensland results in the formation of extensive saline overburden spoil-piles with steep slopes at the angle of repose (approximately 75% or 37o). These spoil-piles are generally found in multiple rows, several kilometers in length and heights of up to 50 or 60 m above the original landscape. They are highly dispersive and erodible. Legislation demands that these spoil ...

The generation and propagation of internal tides has been studied with an isopycnic three-dimensional ocean model. The response of a uniformly stratified sea in a channel, which is forced by a barotropic tide on its open boundary, is considered. The tide progresses into the channel and forces internal tides over a continental slope at the other end. The channel has a length of 1200 km and a wid...