AIM To determine the possibility of leptospirosis among patients from urban slums presenting with febrile illness during monsoon and post-monsoon season. METHODS Evidence of leptospirosis in 180 patients with febrile illness was determined by looking for presence of immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies by leptospiral IgM enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The test was carried out on 160 ...

A community based prospective study was conducted to find the association of maternal bio-social determinants with birth weight in urban slums. A random sample of 50 AWCs (7 AWC from each zone) catering the population of urban slums and constituting about 25% of the total was taken giving due representation to all zones. 303 expectant mothers registered with AWCs in their third trimester (>28 w...

Abstract. Favelas are the most common type of informal settlements found in Brazil. The Housing Secretariat, City Hall, Sao Paulo, has conducted surveys using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for favelas to facilitate slum upgrading projects and taken initiative create a digital twin areas. This study illustrates feasibility developing methodological workflow by automatic 3D building reconstruct...

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been declared as a global pandemic the World Health Organization (WHO). As is highly infectious, Global South countries are in vulnerable situation with high urban population density and lack of Water, Sanitation, Hygiene (WASH) services. The for slum dwellers low-income group cluste...

1-introduction iran is one of the vulnerable countries about earthquake issue in the world which is placed in earthquake- belt prone of himalaya alp. so it is necessary to identify and evaluate dangerous areas because it can prevent of human and financial losses, when environmental crisis occurs. we did a lot of efforts to decrease and minimum results of earthquake and confident to buildings sa...

Massive slums have become major features of cities in many low-income and middle-income countries. Here, in the first in a Series of two papers, we discuss why slums are unhealthy places with especially high risks of infection and injury. We show that children are especially vulnerable, and that the combination of malnutrition and recurrent diarrhoea leads to stunted growth and longer-term effe...

This socio-economic review provides an overview of the sanitation crisis in slum areas, and re-emphasizes the importance of sanitation. It highlights a lack of recognition of actual drivers for sanitation improvements, and the complexities in the provision of sanitation services in the context of urban slums with a mix of tenants and landlords. It elaborates how the drivers of demand for sanita...

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a rising health burden among the world's poor with hypertension as the main risk factor. In sub-Saharan Africa, hypertension is increasingly affecting the urban population of which a substantial part lives in slums. This study aims to give insight into the profile of patients with hypertension living in slums of Nairobi, Kenya. METHODS Sociodemograph...

We explore relations among material deprivation (measured by insufficient housing, food insecurity and poor healthcare access), socio-economic status (employment, income and education) and coercive sex. A binary logistic multi-level model is used in the estimation of data from a survey of 1071 young people aged 18-23 years, undertaken between June and July 2013, in the urban slums of Blantyre, ...

Unfettered growth of slums is a daunting transition challenge and many upgrading programs fail to sustainably improve the livelihoods slum residents. This paper elaborates transitions perspective on structural tensions that may lead success or failure programs. We conceptualize as urban subsystems, governed by sociotechnical (infrastructure) socioeconomic livelihood regimes (related production ...