iran, in the qājār period, underwent many changes in political, social, and administrative fields. this research tries to study the changes in one of the urban positions, i.e. the position of a village chief (kadkhudā), by means of examining its historical background as well as its duties and functions, since kadkhudā as one of the social high ranking officials in iran and a subdivision of the ...

We adopt a utilitarian perspective on social choice, assuming that agents have (possibly latent) utility functions over some space of alternatives. For many reasons one might consider mechanisms, or social choice functions, that only have access to the ordinal rankings of alternatives by the individual agents rather than their utility functions. In this context, one possible objective for a soc...

Multi-agent systems have a reputation for bringing with them the property of robustness. However, multi-agent systems need to be specifically designed to display this property and until now it is unclear how this can be achieved. One way of approaching this, is to try to simulate social systems, as social order is in close analogy to robustness. We discuss this analogy, give an attempt to a def...

We present original empirical Bernstein inequalities for U-statistics with bounded symmetric kernels q. They are expressed with respect to empirical estimates of either the variance of q or the conditional variance that appears in the Bernsteintype inequality for U-statistics derived by Arcones [2]. Our result subsumes other existing empirical Bernstein inequalities, as it reduces to them when ...

Environmental colour is multifaceted, playing a variety of roles in our everyday lives. However, is colour considered important in the design of our built environment by those who practice design, such as architects and interior designers? Prototypes and massing models for designs are often presented in white or monochromatic combinations, irrespective of the materials incorporated and the colo...

Analysis of social media and traditional media provides significant information to first responders in times of natural disasters. Sentiment analysis, particularly of social media originating from the affected population, forms an integral part of multifaceted media analysis. The current paper extends an existing methodology to the domain of natural disasters, broadens the support of multiple l...

Online social media has become an integral part of our social lives. Online social interactions are distinct from face-to-face interactions. Different social media types have enabled novel forms of social exchanges to take place. Individuals vary greatly in their online behaviors and preferences. The current research argued for the significance of understanding individual differences in social ...

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5915/44-1-10586 JIMA: Vol 44, 2012, Page 1 of 2 Over the last forty years, there has been a dramatic growth in the number of Muslims in the United States. Estimates place the Muslim population at somewhere around 6 million, which makes Islam the second largest religion in the country. Islam today is not just in the international news, but it is an integral part of the ...

The Ramsey number r(F, G) is the least number N such that in every two-coloring (R, B)=(red, blue) of the edges of KN , either there is a red copy of F or else a blue copy of G . The inequality (1) holds in view of the fact that the edges of the complete graph of order (m-1) (n-1) +s-1 can be given the coloring in which the blue graph, denoted (B), is isomorphic to (m-1)K„_~UKS_~ . Then the red...

This article presents an analytical review of literature that examines women’s practice and use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). To interrogate this body of literature, I draw on new social movement scholarship and a feminist understanding of the notion of “the personal is politica”’. Although women’s prominence in CAM is consistently noted, our understanding of the relationship...