We prove a converse to Moore’s “Garden-of-Eden” theorem: a group G is amenable if and only if all cellular automata living on G that admit mutually erasable patterns also admit gardens of Eden. It had already been conjectured in [11; 1, Conjecture 6.2] that amenability could be characterized by cellular automata. We prove the first part of that conjecture.

One of the fundamental notions of realization of sustainable city within the framework of the theory of sustainable development is what affects the urban green spaces as well as the influence they may have. As the upshot of years’ worth of experiences in the ideology of Iranian urban design, Iranian garden is of magnificently high position which possesses the potentials to act as the green spac...

The paper describes the design of a robot architecture which allows the robot to be perceived as a social agent. The proposed architecture autonomously allocates computational resources to different activities via an evaluation of environmental stimuli and robot state based on an emotional model of attention and effort. Moreover, the robot carries out a dramatization of its own work, according ...

Soil carbon and nitrogen contents play an important role in sustaining soil physical and chemical quality and help to have healthy environments. The continues conversion of rangelands to arable lands has the potential to change carbon and nitrogen sequestration. In this study to evaluate the effects of land use change on soil organic carbon and nitrogen stock, forty samples collected from north...

To provide scientific management basis for the garden planning, project construction, maintenance, social service, this paper prompted that the urban gardening administration sectors need to construct gardening information management system. On the basis of fully requirements analysis of gardening sectors, this paper discussed the key technology for system construction. It also proposed to flex...

Social commerce connects people’s shopping activities with their social communities. Much work has leveraged social network data to promote sales of products and services. However, less is known about the impact of shopping activities on people’s social relationships. This paper serves as foundational work in the field and addresses this gap by exploring people’s preferences in sharing products...