The Philippine Social Protection Note series aims to disseminate experiences, good practices, and key findings from the Philippines on the topics related to social protection. It also aims to broaden the dialogue on social protection and stimulate public engagement in moving forward the policy agenda. The views expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the ...

Social and economic inequalities can influence both the distribution of the costs and benefits from environmental degradation and the extent of environmental protection. When those who benefit from environmentally degrading economic activities are powerful relative to those who bear the costs, environmental protection is generally weaker than when the reverse is true. This can lead to environme...

The specific objective of the social protection panel is to identify the main social protection challenges that the region faces as a consequence of the increase in economic and social insecurity due to the severe crisis that the region is currently facing. We were also told to identify the principal impacts of recent adverse shocks to the region, including the September 11 events, and measure ...

This paper argues that the effects of the food price crisis of 2007–08 put pressure on two variables that are of central importance to the Brazilian government: inflation and social inclusion. We describe how political institutions in Brazil in the past 25 years have given rise to a policy-making process where fiscal stability and social inclusion are the overarching priorities, irrespective of...

* We wish to thank two anonymous referees and the participants of the CESifo Area Conference on Employment and Social Protection, June 2004 in Munich for helpful remarks. Of course, we take sole responsibility for all remaining shortcomings.

This paper introduces the idea that strong patent protection can lead innovators to rest on their laurels, into a simple tournament based framework. Concentrating on optimal patent protection, the one that maximizes production, the model shows that there is a positive relationship between the ability of the economy (Þrm) to innovate and how strong patent protection should be. This line of think...

The provision of basic social protection to citizens from the „cradle to the grave‟ (Beveridge Report, 1942) was the fanfare aim of the welfare state system created in the UK in the post-1945 period. Since this expression was first coined, the concept of addressing the needs of a population „across the life-cycle‟ has been in common use by social policymakers in a range of contexts, and with va...

It is no surprise that the breakup of the Soviet Union and the overall demise of the planned economy has had a profound effect on the welfare of the Russian people. But the absence of reliable survey data has constrained our understanding of the impact that transition has had on the distribution of income. This article draws upon several rounds of a nationally representative household survey to...