Abstract To what extent are differences in education, occupational standing, and income attributable to genes, do genetic influences differ by parents’ socioeconomic standing? When a children’s life course does standing matter for influences, which of the outcomes, fixed at different stages attainment process, they most? We studied these research questions using Finnish register-based data on 6...

We use an exploratory agent-based model of adults' walking behavior within a city to examine the possible impact of interventions on socioeconomic differences in walking. Simulated results show that for persons of low socioeconomic status, increases in walking resulting from increases in their positive attitude towards walking may diminish over time if other features of the environment are not ...

Background Adverse socioeconomic circumstances in childhood have been related to increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in adulthood in most, but not all, studies. The findings of such studies can be diYcult to interpret given the association of childhood social circumstances with social conditions and behavioural risk factors for CVD in adulthood. Statistical adjustment for these, however...

Obesity and type 2 diabetes follow a socioeconomic gradient. Highest rates are observed among groups with the lowest levels of education and income and in the most deprived areas. Inequitable access to healthy foods is one mechanism by which socioeconomic factors influence the diet and health of a population. As incomes drop, energy-dense foods that are nutrient poor become the best way to prov...

background: the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among iranian aged 25-64 estimated to be about 7.7%. the aim of current study was the assessment of socioeconomic status of diabetic patients and their complications. methods: a cross sectional study was conducted on type 2 diabetic patients with complications in four major teaching hospitals affiliated to tehran university of medical sciences (tu...

objective: to investigate maternal beliefs, practices about causes and determinant factors on drowning and maternal socioeconomic correlated factors on child mortality from drowning. m e t h od s : from march 2005 to march 2009, in a register-based cohort study and household survey, individual records utilizing drowning registry data of northern iran were enrolled.   mothers (n=276) who respond...

This article offers a critical review of the problem of inequalities in oral health and discusses strategies for disease prevention and oral health promotion. It shows that oral health is not merely a result of individual biological, psychological, and behavioral factors; rather, it is the sum of collective social conditions created when people interact with the social environment. Oral health ...

Facets of the post-natal environment including the type and complexity of environmental stimuli, the quality of parenting behaviors, and the amount and type of stress experienced by a child affects brain and behavioral functioning. Poverty is a type of pervasive experience that is likely to influence biobehavioral processes because children developing in such environments often encounter high l...

In the current study, we tested for gene × environment interactions in the association between pubertal timing and adolescent depression by examining how socioeconomic factors might moderate age at menarche’s relation with depressive symptoms. Participants comprised 630 female twin and sibling pairs from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Consistent with previous studies, res...