In this article, a study of novel screen-printed electrodes bulk-modified with five potential bismuth precursor compounds (bismuth citrate, bismuth titanate, bismuth oxide, bismuth aluminate and bismuth zirconate) is presented for the determination of Cd(II) and Pb(II) by anodic stripping voltammetry. During the electrolytic deposition step, the precursor was reduced and served as the source of...

Firm scope benefits consumers by allowing them to purchase multiple goods at one location like supercenters, malls, or department stores. This paper quantifies the consumer benefit of introducing one-stop shopping as a new shopping choice, and in turn, estimates the benefit to firms. I exploit an exogenous change in the allowable firm scope in Washington State, which recently deregulated the re...

The influence of residual black liquor in pulp on wastewater pollution after the bleaching process was studied. The results show that the CODCr in bleaching effluent has a remarkable linearity with bleaching loss of pulps without residual black liquor. For pulps with some residual black liquor, more than 34% of the overall CODCr is produced by the residual black liquor. It follows that more eff...

The article deals with the application of fuzzy logic approach to stage precipitation aluminum hydroxide from sodium aluminate solutions obtained alkaline solution raw alunite by hydrogen peroxide as an eco-friendly reagent. Factors influencing in presence H2O2 poor include concentration peroxide, volume and other parameters. this process allows calculating probabilities that parameters can occ...

A boy aged seven years was suffering from liigli fever, rapid pulse, hurried respiration, cough with rusty sputum, and pain in the chest. Bacteriological examination of the sputum was not practicable hut clinically the signs confirmed it to be a case of pneumonia in which the whole right lung was involved. A mixture containing liquor ammonium acetatis, sodium citrate, sodium bicarbonate, aromat...

In order to maximize the glucose yield in the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis, corn stalk was pretreated with sulfite to overcome the recalcitrance of lignocellulose (SPORL) under different operational conditions (pretreatment temperature, bisulfite charge, and pH). The parameters optimized included sodium bisulfite charge from 0 to 7% (w/w) on od dry (od) substrate, pretreatment temperature 16...

This paper uses an unusually rich sample of liquor brands in the U.S. over the period 1994 to 2004 to test substitutability of advertising media. The liquor industry in the U.S. has experienced a substantial increase in case sales and advertising expenditures since the mid-1990s, raising numerous public policy concerns. Moreover, the mix of advertising media used by liquor brands also changed s...

• Significant effect of the method catalyst preparation on stability. Mechanochemically prepared catalysts showed superior 20 wt% NaAlO2/Al2O3 is most stable with 96% glycerol carbonate yield. Al2O3 provided highest stability compared to other metal oxide supports. Glycerol, an important by-product from biodiesel production, has significant potential as platform chemical several different pathw...