OBJECTIVE To identify family- and school-based correlates of specific energy balance-related behaviours (physical activity, sedentary behaviour, breakfast consumption, soft drink consumption) among 10-12-year-olds, using the EnRG framework (Environmental Research framework for weight Gain prevention). DESIGN A literature review to identify observational studies exploring at least one family- ...

BACKGROUND Intake of sweet drinks has previously been associated with the development of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents. The present study aimed to assess the consumption pattern of sweet drinks in a population of children and adolescents in Victoria, Australia. METHODS Data on 1,604 children and adolescents (4-18 years) from the comparison groups of two quasi-experimen...

BACKGROUND Free trade agreements (FTAs) can affect food environments and non-communicable disease risks through altering the availability of highly-processed foods. Few studies have quantified such effects. Using a natural experiment this paper quantifies changes in Peru's soft-drink market before/after entry into the US-Peru FTA, compared with Bolivia, a county with no such agreement. METHOD...

This paper makes use of the revision of “Law on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution” as a natural phenomenon, under the method of Difference-in-Differences to observe the effect of this policy on the reduction of industrial wastewater in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. The research result shows that the implementation of the policy has certain promoting effect to reduce discharge of ind...

BACKGROUND The reward value of food is partly dependent on learned associations. It is not yet known whether replacing sugar with non-caloric sweeteners in food is affecting long-term acceptance. OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of replacing sugar with non-caloric sweeteners in a nutrient-empty drink (soft drink) versus nutrient-rich drink (yoghurt drink) on reward value after repeated expos...

Membrane Bioreactors (MBRs) have attracted a significant attention of scientists and engineers in the past two decades. Improvement of membrane technologies coupled with experiences gained from application of membranes in different industrial processes have opened a gamut of opportunities in industrial wastewater treatment. The solidliquid separation that is conventionally carried out in gravit...