the majority of hydraulic processes under a natural condition in a field are carried out under unsaturated flow conditions. the soil moisture retention curve (smrc) is the most important hydraulic characteristic of an unsaturated soil whose knowledge is of prime importance in soil-water studies such as soil conservation, soil erosion, land evaluation, soil reclamation, and water resources manag...

The effects of the atmosphere on climate, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, have been studied and related to Earth’s temperature by physical climate scientists since 1800s (Fourier 1824; Arrhenius 1896). However, as industrialization rapidly increased greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, agriculturalists conservationists were largely unaware link between fossil fuel emissio...

Soil and water conservation practices contribute to long-term agricultural sustainability sustainable agriculture. This review examines the primary agronomic their role in soil conservation. The revealed that Ethiopia's significant are strip cropping, mixed intercropping, fallowing, mulching, contour plowing, crop rotation, preservation of tillage, agroforestry. A difference was found between c...

Soil erosion continues to be a threat to agricultural productivity worldwide, with soil losses in the United States exceeding 3 billion tons annually. Wind and water erosion have caused dramatic declines in soil productivity. Erosion protection and associated conservation of nutrients, organic matter, soil water holding capacity and biota are significant concerns. Pimentel et al. (1995) estimat...

pollution as well as a major threat to the health of the citizens due to the advancement at human civilization, technology development, pesticides and chemical fertilizers application, the increasing exploitation of natural resources by the agricultural sector and the increasing usage of fossil energy. Therefore, the aim of this study is evaluation of citizens’ attitude towards water and soil p...

Soil erosion from agricultural lands can be reduced by adoption of conservation management practices. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effectiveness and cost-benefit of conservation management practices on sediment reduction under a corn–soybean rotation. The experimental site was 6.4 ha (15.8 ac) and located within the Four Mile Creek watershed in eastern Iowa. Management p...