This study examined the effect of permanent swards and bare soil (by repeated herbicide treatment) on soil microbial counts in Australian cool and warm climate vineyards. In both climates, hot water extractable soil C (HWC) in the vine row was increased by 73% after 3 years of sward development. Most of the soil bacterial counts were greatly decreased by the herbicide treatment and principal co...

Tillage has been an integral part of crop production since crops were first cultivated. Growers and scientists have long recognized both beneficial and detrimental aspects of tillage. There is no question that most tillage operations promote soil loss, adversely affect (lower) surface water quality, and negatively impact soil productivity. Weed management is a primary reason for tillage, and un...

The influence of adsorption-desorption phenomena and distribution of pore sizes on lhe leaching beh.viour of two herbicides, thiazafluron (highly polar, nonionic) and clopyralid (anionic) in three soils has been studied. Adsorption d.ta, obtained by b.tch equilibriwn, were fitted to Freundlich equation and Kf values calculated. Pore size distribution of the soils was studied by mercury porosime...

chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) is a dry pulse crop commonly used from old time. the chickpea yield is lower as compared to maximum potentials of the cultivars. the gap could mainly be attributed to the weed competition in addition to other production constraints. although chickpeas are traditionally grown on residual soil moisture, weeds competition pose major problem in many situations. in orde...

Bioremediation is the use of living organisms, primarily microorganisms, to degrade environmental contaminants into less toxic forms. Nine biobeds (ground cavity filled with a mixture of composted organic matter, topsoil, and a surface grass) were established at Kentucky State University research farm (Franklin County, KY) to study the impact of this practice on reducing surface runoff water co...

Interactions between herbicides and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi are little-known but may differentially affect the development of tolerant and susceptible plants. We conducted this greenhouse study to determine if VAM fungi modify the effects of the herbicide bentazon (3isopropyllH-2 ,1 ,3-benzothid iaz in(4)3H-one 2,2-dioxide) on soybean (Glyc ine max (L.) Merr.) and common co...

3 Alachlor [2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-N-(methoxymethyl)acetamide] is a 4 widely used herbicide that has been identified as a groundwater contaminant. Several 5 slow-release formulations (SRFs) of this herbicide have been examined for their 6 capacity to reduce its leaching and enhance weed control. A field experiment was 7 performed to determine alachlor leaching and bioefficacy in: (i) a ...

A field experiment was conducted to measure surface dissipation and volatilization of the herbicide triallate after application to bare soil using micrometeorological, chamber, and soil-loss methods. The volatilization rate was measured continuously for 6.5 days and the range in the daily peak values for the integrated horizontal flux method was from 32.4 (day 5) to 235.2 g ha(-1) d(-1) (day 1)...

To gain a better understanding of the physiology of the herbicide aminocyclopyrachlor in young plants of trumpet flower, the uptake and translocation were evaluated after the application of herbicide. This was determined by treating individual leaves with formulated herbicides plus (14)C-aminocyclopyrachlor after the application of the formulated herbicide. This experiment used a randomized exp...