We introduce a new concept of hybrid Na-based flow batteries (HNFBs) with a molten Na alloy anode in conjunction with a flowing catholyte separated by a solid Na-ion exchange membrane for grid-scale energy storage. Such HNFBs can operate at ambient temperature, allow catholytes to have multiple electron transfer redox reactions per active ion, offer wide selection of catholyte chemistries with ...

Abstract To accelerate the development of ion conducting materials, we present a general graph-theoretic analysis framework for migration in any crystalline structure. The nodes graph represent metastable sites migrating and edges discrete events between adjacent sites. Starting from collection possible sites, assigns weight to by calculating individual energy barriers those Connected pathways ...

A novel cation exchange fiber supported solid membrane was developed for transport of cobalt, manganese and nickel metal ions. Fiber supported solid membrane was prepared by chemically modifying the cellulose fibers with citric acid. In the fiber supported solid membrane, the diffusion by capillary action by keeping the liquid phase in the porous solid fiber and ion exchange mechanism were used...

a pvc-based membrane containing cerium phosphate was developed. unlike the cerium phosphate itself that acts as a cation exchanger, the membrane exhibited anion-exchange properties. therefore, the utility of this compound as a sensory element for detection of molybdate ions was pursued. the response of molybdate selective electrode based on this membrane was perfectly linear in the concentratio...

Three ion exchange equilibrium isotherms between muscovite-paragonite solid solution and 2molal KCI-NaC1 aqueous solutions have been studied at (1) 420 ~ 1 kbar, (2) 420 ~ 2 kbar, and (3) 550 ~ 2 kbar. The AG ~ (Joules) + 2a of the ion exchange reaction are: AG ~ (1) = 17 259_+ 686, AG ~ (2) = 18 268 _ 560, AG ~ (3) = 16 018 _ 336. The excess mixing parameters ('subregular solution') of the sol...

Granisetron content of some pharmaceutical tablets was determined using a novel all-solid-state polymeric-membrane-electrode (ASS-PME) having a sensing element functioning based on an ion-exchange mechanism. The best results were observed with ASSPMEs containing 8% GST-tetrakis (p-chlorophenyl) borate as the ion-pair, 56% of dibutyl phthalate, 31% of poly(vinyl chloride), 3% of an ionic liquid ...

nitrate is an anion of major importance particularly in biological areas. excessive amounts in water supplies indicate pollution from sewage or agricultural effluents. the effects of excessive quantities of nitrate in water are well known. in this research structural modification of natural clinoptilolite by isomorphic substitution was performed. isomorphously substituted zeolite was prepared u...