Consumers are showing a growing concern for the environment and sustainability, while they keep their interest in more creative products that ‘delight’ them exceed expectations. Consequently, designers must meet circular economy (CE) requirements, but also provide solutions. The present research describes an experiment which group of were asked to solve design problems using two different metho...

When writing can change your life, when writing can enrich you by offering much money, why don't you try it? Are you still very confused of where getting the ideas? Do you still have no idea with what you are going to write? Now, you will need reading. A good writer is a good reader at once. You can define how you write depending on what books to read. This intelligent assistant systems concept...

We introduce a new solution concept for complete information games, which we call equilibrium in group dominant strategies. This concept is the strongest of all known solution concepts so far, since it encompasses both the ideas behind the concepts of dominant strategies and strong equilibrium. Because of its strength, a solution in group dominant strategies does not exist in any interesting ga...

Most theories of analogical transfer focus on similarities between the learning and transfer domains, where transfer is more likely between domains that share common surface features, similar elements, or common interpretations of structure. We suggest that characteristics of the learning instantiation alone can give rise to different levels of transfer. We propose that concreteness of the lear...

In this paper, we intend to solve special kind of ordinary differential equations which is called Heun equations, by converting to a corresponding stochastic differential equation(S.D.E.). So, we construct a stochastic linear equation system from this equation which its solution is based on computing fundamental matrix of this system and then, this S.D.E. is solved by numerically methods. Moreo...

Traditional solution concepts for the vehicle routing problem (VRP) are pushed to their limits, when applied on dynamically changing vehicle routing scenarios—which are more close to reality than the static formulation. By contrast, the introduced distributed routing concept is designed to match packages and vehicles and to continuously make route decisions especially within a dynamic environme...

in this paper, we consider first-order fuzzy differential equations with initial value conditions. the convergence, consistency and stability of difference method for approximating the solution of fuzzy differential equations involving generalized h-differentiability, are studied. then the local truncation error is defined and sufficient conditions for convergence, consistency and stability of ...