A B S T R AC T This article proposes and develops a theory of leadership that utilizes five levels of being as context for effective leadership: 1) the physical world; 2) the world of images and imagination; 3) the level of the soul; 4) the level of the Spirit; and 5) the non-dual level. We first explore how each of the five levels of being provides a means for advancing both the theory and the...

Introduction Modernity has reached a dead end. The optimism in which the modern world was conceived and nurtured has been replaced by a thoroughgoing skepticism that denies the possibility of making meaningful truth claims, especially when those claims bear on morality and religion. The irony is that this has occurred as we have become increasingly confident of scientific utterances. Thus, as o...

the author has studied theologians` corporeal concept of human soul. most theologians, except those of philosophical way of study, have viewed human soul as a corporeal thing. their corporeal concept includes those knowing it as incident, soft body, atom and specific apparent body. in the paper, the principles and consequences of theologians` corporeal concept of human soul have been critically...

the expression “corporeality of soul” in sadra’s works can be interpreted on the basis of two different views: that of corporeality origination of soul according to which the soul in its initial stages of existence is “imprinted’’ and immanent in matter. in the second view, however, the soul is of “essential relatedness” in virtue of which it has a relative being and thus is existentially relat...

As Ebbinghaus (1908) tells us in the opening words of his popular textbook of psychology, “psychology has a long past but only a short history.” In my opinion, there are three foundational moments in the history of psychology and, paradoxically, all three are moments of great advancement in biology. First, in the long past of psychology, psychology did not exist as such but was part of philosop...

though plato and sohravardi appearantly have the same view on the essence of human soul and the way in which it belongs to body, there are fundam ental differences in their point of view and their style as well. this paper deals with soul which is believed by both philosophers to be the origin of the human’s soul at first and, then, expresses their idea and reasonings about the occurance and an...

nature of the soul, immateriality and its survival, has always been one the most challenging issues in the philosophical and theological ideas that in this according to fakhr al-razi’s point of view paper has been discussed. fakhr razi in his numerous works speaks in a different way, and sometimes conflicting, about the soul, in a way that in some works is taken the negative position and some p...

Preface Invictus Out of the night that covers me, Black as the Pit from pole to pole, I thank whatever gods may be For my unconquerable soul. In the fell clutch of circumstance I have not winced nor cried aloud. Under the bludgeonings of chance My head is bloody, but unbowed. Beyond this place of wrath and tears Looms but the Horror of the shade, And yet the menace of the years Finds, and shall...

Descartes proposed that all observable human behavior could be divided into 2 categories, the simple and the complex. Simple behaviors were those in which a given sensation always, deterministically, produced the same behavioral response. . .. Complex behaviors, in contrast were those in which the linkage between sensation and action was unpredictable and subject to the vagaries of volition. . ...