For speech transmission in digital land mobile telephony, effective compression algorithms have to be used to achieve a high bandwidth efficiency. Furthermore, a variety of adverse transmission effects make it necessary to employ powerful error control techniques to keep bit error rates tolerable low and thus to guarantee a high speech quality. Speech compression is designed to remove irrelevan...

A data set of 41 moderate and large earthquakes has been used to derive scaling rules for kinematic fault parameters. If effective stress and static stress drop are equal, then fault rise time, z, and fault area, S, are related by z = 16S1/2/(7~3/2~8), where ,8 is shear velocity. Fault length (parallel to strike) and width (parallel to dip) are empirically related by L = 2W. Scatter for both sc...

This paper explores amplitude-based measures of the glottal flow signal, as it has been suggested that they may provide a more robust method for analysing voice quality than the more typical time-based ones. Centred around an analysis of some samples from the VOQUAL’03 Speech database 2 of Japanese spontaneous speech, this paper (i) presents a discussion of whether a single global source parame...

Using the ARGUS detector at the e+e storage ring DORIS II, we have measured the Michel parameters , , and for ! l  decays in -pair events produced at center of mass energies in the region of the resonances. Using ! as spin analyzing tags, we nd e = 0:68 0:04 0:08, e = 1:12 0:20 0:09, e = 0:57 0:14 0:07, = 0:69 0:06 0:08, = 1:25 0:27 0:14 and = 0:72 0:18 0:10. In addition, we report the combine...

In the presence of nuisance parameters, we derive an explicit higher order asymptotic formula to compare the expected lengths of conndence intervals given by likelihood ratio statistics arising from the usual proole likelihood and various adjustments thereof. Highest posterior density regions, with approximate frequentist validity, are also included in the study.

Spectral analysis of teleseismic body phases at several azimuths was used to determine the moment, fault length, dislocation, stress-drop, and radiated energy of the Borrego Mountain earthquake. The results agree well with the same parameters obtained from the surface fracture and aftershock distribution and local observations of radiated energy.

Dynamic variations of the voice source in speech have been studied for a female speaker. The speech material consisted of syllables and sentences with varying stress patterns. The speech signal was inverse filtered and then a parameter model of the voice source was fitted as closely as possible to the inverse filtered glottal pulses. The four parameter glottal source model, the LF-model, was us...

Biogeosciences Discussions This discussion paper is/has been under review for the journal Biogeosciences (BG). Please refer to the corresponding final paper in BG if available. Abstract With combined use of the ocean-atmosphere simulation models and field observation data, we evaluate the parameters associated with the total caesium-137 amounts of the direct release into the ocean and atmospher...