OBJECTIVE To identify spatial patterns in hospitalizations for pneumonia in infants under one year of age in the Vale do Paraíba region of Brazil. METHODS This was an ecological exploratory study using a georeferencing technique based on data from the Information Technology Department of the Brazilian Unified Health Care System on the number of hospitalizations for pneumonia among infants und...

We generalize the Green-Kubo approach, previously applied to bulk systems of spherically symmetric active particles [J. Chem. Phys. 145, 161101 (2016)JCPSA60021-960610.1063/1.4966153], to include spatially inhomogeneous activity. The method is applied to predict the spatial dependence of the average orientation per particle and the density. The average orientation is given by an integral over t...

Gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.) spread is dominated by stratified dispersal, and, although spread rates are variable in space and time, the gypsy moth has invaded Wisconsin at a consistently higher rate than in other regions. Allee effects, which act on low-density populations ahead of the moving population that contribute to gypsy moth spread, have also been observed to be consistently weaker...

By buying cheap and selling dear, risk-neutral commodity speculators can smooth commodity prices and induce serial dependence in price even when none would exist under a simple process of supply and demand. Commodity prices are variable and strongly positively correlated from one year to the next. The variability is often explained by supply factors, and the autocorrelation by the activities of...

This paper applies the generalised linear model for modelling geographical variation to esophageal cancer incidence data in the Caspian region of Iran. The data have a complex and hierarchical structure that makes them suitable for hierarchical analysis using Bayesian techniques, but with care required to deal with problems arising from counts of events observed in small geographical areas when...

ABSTRACT Past studies have shown that changes in the house price of a region may transmit to its neighbouring regions. The transmission mechanism may follow spatial and temporal diffusion processes. This paper investigates such regional housing market dynamics and interactions among local housing sub-markets in Taipei. The analysis is based on a panel data framework and spatial panel models usi...

Global assessment of human-environment interactions is intrinsically hierarchical, requiring that we infer how local and regional processes will manifest themselves in regional and global conditions, respectively. But the ability to embed local intensive case studies of social and ecological processes within spatially extensive regional or global demographic and environmental data is hindered b...

Applications of machine-learning-based approaches in the geosciences have witnessed a substantial increase over past few years. Here we present an approach that accounts for spatial autocorrelation by introducing features to models. In particular, explore two types features, namely lag and eigenvector filtering (ESF). These are used within widely random forest (RF) method, their effect is illus...

Accepted 4 April 2008 Copyright © EEF ISSN 1399-1183 Species distributional models based on lattice data often display spatial autocorrelation. Spatial autocorrelation means that observations from nearby locations are often more similar than would be expected on a random basis (Legendre and Legendre 1998). Spatial autocorrelation can arise in both species distributions and environmental variabl...