1 The lane change process is a tactical process. However, the transitions among important tactical 2 nodes are largely ignored in the existing microscopic lane change models. Prior to the lane 3 change maneuver, the merging vehicles need to reach the feasible lane change location (the 4 desired merge position), which is right after the target gap selection. This study explores how the 5 merging...

The focus of the Japanese local telecommunications policy is moving toward how to solve the problem of the digital divide that accompanies the spread of high-speed and broadband services. This paper estimates the translog cost function of two outputs, the standard telephone service and the leased circuit service, and measures the regional gap of those stand-alone costs and incremental costs. Th...

Over the past 30 years, the cumulative results of clinical, experimental, and theoretical studies have validated the concept that slow conduction, related at least in part to changes in intercellular coupling via gap junctions, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ventricular tachycardia (VT) after myocardial infarction. Long before the major cardiac gap junction protein, connexin43 (...

The CMOS-based IBM S/390 Parallel Enterprise Servers have always employed the technique of memory caching to bridge the gap between processor speed and mainmemory access time. However, that gap has widened with each succeeding system generation, requiring increasingly sophisticated, multiple-level cache structures in order to minimize memory-access latency. The IBM S/390 G5 and G6 include two-l...

Transverse magnetic (TM) modes with phase velocities at or just below the speed of light, c, are intended to accelerate relativistic particles in hollow-core, photonic band gap (PBG) fibers. These are so-called "surface defect modes", being lattice modes perturbed by the defect to have their frequencies shifted into the band gap, and they can have any phase velocity. PBG fibers also support so-...

This paper summarises the results of a pilot project conducted to investigate the correlation between automatic evaluation metric scores and post-editing speed on a segment by segment basis. Firstly, the results from the comparison of various automatic metrics and post-editing speed will be reported. Secondly, further analysis is carried out by taking into consideration other relevant variables...

In principle, a network can transfer data at nearly the speed of light. Today’s Internet, however, is much slower: our measurements show that latencies are typically more than one, and often more than two orders of magnitude larger than the lower bound implied by the speed of light. Closing this gap would not only add value to today’s Internet applications, but might also open the door to excit...