Abstract. The titanium alloy hollow lattice structures can be widely applied on the advanced aircrafts due to their excellent mechanical properties and light weight. Superplastic forming diffusion bonding (SPF/DB) process is an manufacture these with two outer plates one inner plate. To further decrease weight of structures, thinner plate preferred when compared plate, however, it would result ...

In order to obtain a description of the hydrographic state of the North Atlantic Current-Subpolar Front (NAC-SPF) system, historical hydrographic data from the subpolar North Atlantic are projected into a baroclinic stream function space, resulting in three dimensional gravest empirical mode (GEM) fields for temperature and specific volume anomaly, parameterized by pressure, dynamic height, and...

Using a case control approach, we performed a two-way comparison study between GP5+/6+-PCR and HPV SPF(10)-Line Blot 25 (SPF(10)) assays for detection of 14 types of high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) in samples from women with normal cytology results who had or developed grade 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN 3). Samples were pooled from two cohorts, i.e., women participating in p...

BACKGROUND The liver is the central organ for xenobiotic metabolism (XM) and is regulated by nuclear receptors such as CAR and PXR, which control the metabolism of drugs. Here we report that gut microbiota influences liver gene expression and alters xenobiotic metabolism in animals exposed to barbiturates. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS By comparing hepatic gene expression on microarrays from germfree (G...

Noroviruses cause most cases of acute viral gastroenteritis worldwide. The lack of a cell culture infection model for human norovirus necessitates the use of molecular methods and/or viral surrogate models amenable to cell culture to predict norovirus inactivation. Murine norovirus (MNV) may be used to construct a small animal model for studying the biology and pathogenesis of noroviruses becau...

We describe and compare three predominant email sender authentication mechanisms based on DNS: SPF, DKIM and Sender-ID Framework (SIDF). These mechanisms are designed mainly to assist in filtering of undesirable email messages, in particular spam and phishing emails. We clarify the limitations of these mechanisms, identify risks, and make recommendations. In particular, we argue that, properly ...

Clays have been used in southern Africa as photoprotectants by the indigenous people. Typically, two types of clay are used: one white in colour and the other red. In this work, the two clays were identified and characterized, and their in vitro SPF values measured. The clays afford a low SPF but offer broad-spectrum protection. No cutaneous side effects from the use of these clays are known. F...

We develop a model that permits the estimation of term structure both expectations and forecast uncertainty for application to professional forecasts such as Survey Professional Forecasters (SPF). Our approach exactly replicates given data set predictions from SPF (or similar source) without measurement error. captures fixed horizon fixed-event forecasts, can accommodate changes in maximal avai...

In this article we explore the evolutionary history of a functional complex at the molecular level in plethodontid salamanders. The complex consists of a proteinaceous courtship pheromone, a pheromone-producing gland on the male's chin, and a set of behaviors for delivering the pheromone to the female. Long-term evolutionary stasis is the defining feature of this complex at both the morphologic...