The well-known dictionary-based algorithms of the Lempel-Ziv (LZ) 77 family are the basis of several universal lossless compression techniques. These algorithms are asymmetric regarding encoding/decoding time and memory requirements, with the former being much more demanding, since it involves repeated pattern searching. In the past years, considerable attention has been devoted to the problem ...

Recent human infections caused by the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 strains emphasize an urgent need for assessment of factors that allow viral transmission, replication, and intra-airway spread. Important determinants for virus infection are epithelial cell receptors identified as glycans terminated by an alpha2,3-linked sialic acid (SA) that preferentially bind avian strains an...

Uncertainty analysis (UA) and Sensitivity analysis (SA) are prerequisites for model building. UA aims to quantify the overall uncertainty associated with the model response as a result of uncertainties in the model input. SA studies how the variation in the model output can be apportioned to different sources of variations. Both UA and SA have been successfully applied in many different fields....

High (n=41) and low (n=39) socially anxious (SA) participants completed the Waterloo Images and Memories Interview (WIMI), a new assessment tool that measures the accessibility and properties of mental images and associated autobiographical memories that individuals may experience across both anxiety-provoking (negative) and non-anxiety-provoking (positive) social situations. Results indicated ...

Abstract Every decision made in the classroom has potential to either help or hurt a student’s development as learner. When students’ mental and emotional well-being are taken into account, effective instruction assessment possible, despite importance of learners’ engagement (LEA), test-taking skills (TTS), self-assessment (SA), learner resilience (LR), autonomy (LA). As result, this study atte...

INTRODUCTION Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may impair right ventricular (RV) function. Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) is helpful in the noninvasive evaluation of RV longitudinal function. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of acute COPD exacerbation on RV function assessed by TDI. METHODS The study included 30 COPD patients who had acute exacerbation and 30 controls. ...

OBJECTIVES This study applied a multidimensional model on a continuum to examine successful aging (SA) and investigated whether SA is associated with biomedical and psychosocial-demographic factors among Hong Kong Chinese near-centenarians and centenarians. METHOD A cross-sectional data analysis was performed on a geographically representative sample of 120 near-centenarians and centenarians ...