The Japanese crested ibis is an internationally conserved, critically threatened bird. Captive-breeding programs have been established to conserve this species in Japan. Since the current Japanese population of crested ibis originates only from 5 founders donated by the Chinese government, understanding the genetic diversity between them is critical for an effective population management. To di...

Abstract One of the efforts to improve successful in handling coastal erosion is develop a protection structure be called as PEGAR, an acronym Pemecah Gelombang Ambang Rendah or Low-Crested Breakwater (hereinafter referred LCB). The use geotextile tubes filled with sand LCB construction has been widely practiced since 2010. LCBs play role breaking waves and dampening their energy before reachin...

A mathematical model is developed to investigate seabed heat transfer processes under long-crested ocean waves. The unsteady convection–diffusion equation for water temperature includes terms depending on the velocity field in laminar boundary layer, analogous mass near seabed. Here we consider regular progressive waves and standing reflected from a vertical structure, which complicate convecti...

The nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation is a popular and relatively simple model used extensively to describe the evolution of nonlinear water-wave groups. It is often applied in relation to the appearance of extremely steep (freak, or rogue) waves in the ocean. The limits of the applicability of the NLS equation, and in particular the relevance of the model to rogue waves, are examined here o...

Measurement of discharge in open channels is one of the main concerns in hydraulic engineering. The structures used for this aim should be accurate, economical and easy to use. Weirs are among the oldest and most convenient hydraulic structures that have been used in both laboratory and field for flow measurement in open channels. Due to limitations of simple sharp crested weirs, recently compo...

[1] The breaking of waves is an important mechanism for a number of physical, chemical and biological processes in the ocean. Intuitively, waves break when they become too steep. Unfortunately, a general consensus on the ultimate shape of waves has not been achieved yet due to the complexity of the breaking mechanism which still remains the least understood of all processes affecting waves. To ...

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