water changes information in the hydrological system, in time and space, as an environmental issue takes heed of managers and decision makers in watershed management and river engineering, which can be addressed by using spatially distributed modeling. in this study simulation of water balance components in taleghan mountainous watershed is performed using the spatially distributed hydrological...

Large-scale patterns of animal distributions and abundances may be determined by mechanisms that act at local or landscape scales. We studied the movement behaviors of four species of bottomland butterflies in a natural setting to examine the determinants of movement behavior across different scales. We tested the relative importance of three landscape attributes: drainage slope, boundary type,...

—We provide new insights on the ability of naturalized brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis to ascend steep, headwater streams in the western USA. We tested hypotheses that upstream movements by brook trout are limited or absent in reaches of steep streams and are more prevalent and longer in gradually sloping streams. We compared brook trout movements in headwater streams in Idaho at sites with v...

The burstiness of a video source can be characterized by its burstiness curve. The burstiness curve is useful in the optimal allocation of resources to satisfy a desired quality of service for the video stream in a packet network. In this paper, we present deterministic algorithms for exact computation of the burstiness curve of a video source, for both elementary video streams and MPEG-2 Trans...

Abstract Intruding slope water is a major source of nutrients to sustain the high biological productivity in Gulf Maine (GoM). Slope intrusion into GoM affected by Stream warm-core rings (WCRs) impinging onto nearby shelf edge. This study combines long-term mooring measurements, satellite remote sensing data, an idealized numerical ocean model, and linear coastal-trapped wave (CTW) model examin...

Understanding the factors limiting migratory behaviour is fundamental to conservation of diadromous fish. Applications of indices of habitat suitability are problematic for diadromous fish because fish presence and abundance in relation to habitat quality are confounded by barriers to fish migration. An alternative approach is to assess diadromous fish distributions in proportion to distance in...

Byrd Glacier has one of the largest ice catchment areas in Antarctica, delivers more ice to the Ross Ice Shelf than any other ice stream, and is the fastest of these ice streams. A force balance, combined with a mass balance, demonstrates that stream flow in Byrd Glacier is transitional from sheet flow in East Antarctica to shelf flow in the Ross Ice Shelf. The longitudinal pulling stress, calc...

The construction of new, artificially snowed, ski slopes and the accompanying infrastructure changes natural environment exerts pressure on ecosystems. This study examined impact operation a new slope, with its artificial snow production, quality nearby stream waters. research period covered time before, during after slope construction. Electrolytic conductivity (EC) pH were measured on-site, c...

Self-thinning patterns are frequently used to describe density dependence in populations on timescales shorter than the organism's life span and have been used to infer carrying capacity of the environment. Among mobile animals, this concept has been used to document density dependence in stream salmonids, which compete over access to food and space. The carrying capacity, growth conditions, an...