Fine-Granularity-Scalability (FGS) has been adopted into the MPEG-4 streaming video profile. The FGS framework allows the encoded video to be transmitted with flexible network bandwidth adaptation and error resilience ability. In many streaming video applications, multiple paths may be available in the network, such as the Internet overlay network, Ad-hoc network and MIMO (Multiple-Input Multip...

Lotic ecosystems are substantially different than most other ecosystems because the continuous unidirectional flow through the system tends to transport matter to downstream reaches. This gives rise to the common erroneous view of streams as conduits or pipes. The process of retention removes matter from transport and makes it available for utilization by stream biota, thus providing a critical...

Previous studies of hyporheic zone focused largely on the net mass transfer of solutes between stream and streambed. Solute transport processes within the bed has attracted less investigation. In this study, we combined flume experiments and numerical simulations to examine solute transport processes in a streambed with periodic bedforms. Solute originating from the stream was subjected to adve...

Abstract Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) exploits multiple network interfaces to provide multi-streaming and data chunk ordering in a stream. An extended feature of SCTP, i.e., Concurrent Multi-path Transfer (CMT), bids concurrent transmission multi-path transfer environment guarantees bandwidth aggregation, load sharing, robustness, reliability. In such an environment, the paths us...

At the Transport Layer in Internet model, Transmission Control Protocol provide host-to-host connectivity. There are many other protocols under TCP like SCTP (Stream Control Transport Protocol) and DCCP (Datagram Congestion Control Protocol) which provides more features. DCCP is unreliable transport layer protocol designed to provide congestion control and suitable for time delivery of data. SC...