Removal of the fucose residue from the oligosaccharides attached to Asn297 of human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) results in a significant enhancement of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) via improved IgG1 binding to Fcgamma receptor IIIa. To provide structural insight into the mechanisms of affinity enhancement, we determined the crystal structure of the nonfucosylated Fc fragment and...

This paper describes the implementation of the real time local image contrast enhancement method. The system is based on Virtex FPGA chip and enhances the angiocardiographic data using the modified mathematical morphology multiscale TopHat transform. The morphological TopHat transform proved its effectiveness but the direct real time pipeline implementation of the multiscale version requires to...

Control of structure at the atomic level can precisely and effectively tune catalytic properties of materials, enabling enhancement in both activity and durability. We synthesized a highly active and durable class of electrocatalysts by exploiting the structural evolution of platinum-nickel (Pt-Ni) bimetallic nanocrystals. The starting material, crystalline PtNi3 polyhedra, transforms in soluti...

Arginine-rich peptides and small-molecule intercalating agents utilize distinct molecular mechanisms for RNA recognition. Here, we combined these distinct binding modules in an effort to create conjugate ligands with enhanced affinity and specificity using the bacteriophage lambda N peptide-boxB interaction as a model system. We first designed and synthesized a series of peptide-acridine conjug...

BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a progressive condition that begins with hemodynamic and/or structural changes in the left atrium (LA) and evolves through paroxysmal and persistent stages. Because of limitations with current noninvasive imaging techniques, the relationship between LA structure and function is not well understood. METHODS AND RESULTS Sixty-five patients (age, 61.2+/-14....

Methamphetamine (METH) abuse is a worldwide threat, without any FDA approved medications. Anti-METH IgGs and single chain fragments (scFvs) have shown efficacy in preclinical studies. Here we report affinity enhancement of an anti-METH scFv for METH and its active metabolite amphetamine (AMP), through the introduction of point mutations, rationally designed to optimize the shape and hydrophobic...

We report the development of complete structural AlGaN-based deep-ultraviolet light-emitting diodes with an aluminum thin layer for increasing light extraction efficiency. A 217% enhancement in peak photoluminescence intensity at 294 nm is observed. Cathodoluminescence measurement demonstrates that the internal quantum efficiency of the deep-UV LEDs coated with Al layer is not enhanced. The emi...

Recent experiments on heterostructures composed of two or more films of cuprate superconductors of different oxygen doping levels have shown a remarkable Tc enhancement (up to 50%) relative to single compound films. We provide a simple explanation of the enhancement which arises naturally from a collection of experimental works. We show that the enhancement could be caused by a structural chang...

Raman spectroscopy reveals chemically specific information and provides label-free insight into the molecular world. However, the signals are intrinsically weak and call for enhancement techniques. Here, we demonstrate Purcell enhancement of Raman scattering in a tunable high-finesse microcavity, and utilize it for molecular diagnostics by combined Raman and absorption imaging. Studying individ...

As light is suffered when it passes in water or in foggy area, the clarity of image or video captured under these environment is usually degraded to varying degrees. The degradation may be due to various factors like relative object-camera motion, blur due to camera misfocus, relative atmospheric turbulence and others. The clarity of image is the challenging factors in image processing. The goa...