This study reports an investigation of student and experienced nurses’ use of prior knowledge in clinical problem solving. 30 experienced and 30 student nurses were asked to verbalise their thoughts while undertaking a simulated clinical problem solving task. All verbal protocols were coded for use of prior knowledge based on a coding scheme developed for the study. The theoretical basis of the...

This paper presents a novel approach, which is based on integrated ~automatic0interactive! knowledge acquisition, to rapidly develop knowledge-based systems. Linguistic rules compatible with heuristic expert knowledge are used to construct the knowledge base. A fuzzy inference mechanism is used to query the knowledge base for problem solving. Compared with the traditional interview-based knowle...

In this paper, we present a unified framework for discovering and querying hybrid linked data. We describe our approach to developing a natural language query interface for a hybrid knowledge base Wikitology, and present that as a case study for accessing hybrid information sources with structured and unstructured data through natural language queries. We evaluate our system on a publicly avail...

Semantic Knowledge Source Integration is an ongoing research project at Cycorp which is developing technologies that enable users to integrate structured knowledge sources in a variety of formats with the Cyc Knowledge Base. Once integrated, the contents of the external sources are available to Cyc for question answering as if the source were “part of” the Knowledge Base. In this paper, we give...

Currently under development at the Johnson Space Center (JSC) for use in the Mission Control Center (MCC) are a group of expert system to assist the ONAV flight controllers. These expert systems serve two functions: to act as an assistant during real-time and simulated flight operations, and to act as trainers for controllers when flight operations are not in progress. The Knowledge Base Browse...

Knowledge Management (KM) initiatives promote the management, i.e. the creation, storage and sharing, of knowledge assets within an organization. The practical focus of this special issue is to bring together researchers, professionals and practitioners to present recent developments on the knowledge and competence management areas. KM focuses on techniques of managing a common base of organiza...

Recent studies on knowledge base completion, the task of recovering missing relationships based on recorded relations, demonstrate the importance of learning embeddings from multi-step relations. However, due to the size of knowledge bases, learning multi-step relations directly on top of observed triplets could be costly. Hence, a manually designed procedure is often used when training the mod...

Knowledge integration is the integration of distributed, heterogeneous databases, such as those available on the World Wide Web. In this paper we will consider a new type of knowledge integration problem, namely, the problem of combining information from relations that lack common object identiiers. A general technique for this problem is proposed, based on well-studied similarity measures for ...

We consider the problem of embedding entities and relations of knowledge bases into low-dimensional continuous vector spaces (distributed representations). Unlike most existing approaches, which are primarily efficient for modelling pairwise relations between entities, we attempt to explicitly model both pairwise relations and long-range interactions between entities, by interpreting them as li...

Question answering (QA) has become a popular way for humans to access billion-scale knowledge bases. Unlike web search, QA over a knowledge base gives out accurate and concise results, provided that natural language questions can be understood and mapped precisely to structured queries over the knowledge base. The challenge, however, is that a human can ask one question in many different ways. ...