This study introduces the Constructed Response Analysis Tool (CRAT), a freely available tool to automatically assess student responses in online tutoring systems. The study tests CRAT on a dataset of chemistry responses collected in the ChemVLab+. The findings indicate that CRAT can differentiate and classify student responses based on semantic overlap with student input and indices related to ...

Chinese herbal medicine has been the traditional treatment for numerous human diseases for thousands of years. It has performed well clinically and, for this discussion, it has shown great promise for the treatment of many symptoms which modern medicine has associated for centuries with lung cancer. Many medicinal plants have been tested for anticancer activity such as antofine, acutiaporberine...

Incorporating peer-review steps in the laboratory report writing process provides benefits to students, but it also can create additional work for laboratory instructors. The laboratory report writing process described here allows the instructor to grade only one lab report for every two to four students, while giving the students the benefits of peer review and prompt feedback on their laborat...

Test-based accountability rests on the assumption that accountability for scores on tests will provide needed incentives for teachers to improve student performance. Evidence shows, however, that simple test-based accountability can generate perverse incentives and seriously inflated scores. This paper discusses the logic of achievement tests, issues that arise in using them as proxy indicators...

Problem and Motivation: Testing accounts for 50% cost of software development. Because of the necessity of testing, educators are including more and more software testing[1] in programming [2] and software engineering courses [3, 4]. Current classroom assessment systems (e.g.,Web-CAT, ASSYST, Marmoset) use code coverage to evaluate how well students test their own code. Code coverage measures t...

The effect of guessing in multiple choice tests is usually reduced by using a large number of test items and increasing the number of choices per item. The paper addresses the important and practical issue of grading Two-Alternative format tests, that is, decision questions of the true/false type, where the answer is only one of two choices .This format is not only easy to construct, but could ...

The popularity of online education environment is growing due to the Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) movement. Many types of research in educational data mining (EDM) and Learning Analytics have focused on solving assessment challenges; however, the large number of students enrolled in MOOCs makes it difficult to assess learning outcomes. Thus, it is necessary to develop an automatic learning...

Within computer science education, many educators are incorporating software testing activities into regular programming assignments. Tools like JUnit and its relatives make software testing tasks much easier, bringing them into the realm of even introductory students. At the same time, many introductory programming courses are now including graphical interfaces as part of student assignments t...

Bile acids (BAs) are crucial for the diagnosis, follow-up, and prognostics of liver and intestinal disorders and other diseases affecting BA metabolism. A rapid, simple, and sensitive analytical method is needed to demonstrate the full metabolic profile and simultaneously determine the individual BAs in biological samples. In our present study, an ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spe...