Fundamentalism, in the dictionary Theories and Schools Philosophy Theology is a view that emerged 1909 used generally to designate particular style of conservative Protestantism. Fundamentalism's aim preserve foundations faith combat attempts reinterpret Bible theology light modern knowledge. There are two approaches understanding symptoms fundamentalism, namely objectivism subjectivism. From a...

Subjectivism has become the dominant philosophical foundation for Bayesian infer ence Yet in practice most Bayesian analyses are performed with so called noninfor mative priors that is priors constructed by some formal rule We review the plethora of techniques for constructing such priors and discuss some of the practical and philo sophical issues that arise when they are used We give special e...

This paper has two central aims. The first is to explore philosophical complications that arise when we move from (i) explaining the evolutionary origins of genetically influenced traits associated with human cooperation and altruism, to (ii) explaining present manifestations of human thought, feeling and behaviour involving cooperation and altruism. While the former need only appeal to causal ...

Epistemic relativism rejects the idea that claims can be assessed from a universally applicable, objective standpoint. It is greatly disdained because it suggests that the real ‘basis’ for our views is something fleeting, such as ‘‘the techniques of mass persuasion’’ (Thomas Kuhn 1970) or the determination of intellectuals to achieve ‘‘solidarity’’ (Rorty 1984) or ‘‘keep the conversation going’...

This paper sets out to show how Eddington’s early twenties case for variational derivatives significantly bears witness to a steady and consistent shift in focus from a resolute striving for objectivity towards “selective subjectivism” and structuralism. While framing his so-called “Hamiltonian derivatives” along the lines of previously available variational methods allowing to derive gravitati...

One of the most pressing dilemmas of the moment concerns pluralism and the issue of justification: how does one defend a commitment to any particular position? The fear is that pluralism undercuts our ability to justify our moral and political views, and thereby leads to relativism. As I argue here, Isaiah Berlin provides an exemplary argument concerning the ties between pluralism and liberalis...

In many ways, the paces we've be.cn put through here ;,~.re entirely typical of philosophical disc:ussion. Perhaps most typical is the state of play at the end of the day. Rarely do philosophers have k."lock.down arguments that can eliminate a philosophical position from contenlli>n. Philosophical evaluation is ordinarily a matter of weighing the pros and cons of competing theories, and tentati...

Cross-language document retrieval systems require support by some kind of multilingual thesaurus for semantically indexing documents in different languages. The peculiarities of the medical sublanguage, together with the subjectivism of lexicographers' choices, complicates the thesaurus construction process. It furthermore requires a high degree of communication and interaction between the lexi...

Aristotle got it wrong, imho. He thinks of substances as self-contained, as having within themselves the wherewithall to be what they are. I will argue that this is incorrect. The notion of substance that I want to reject is the idea that there are selfsufficient things-in-themselves that are what they are in their own right. An oak tree gets its oakness, and its treeness from within itself, as...

The purpose of the article is, firstly, to explicate and give a critical assessment methodological, epistemological, philosophical foundations that led “rhetorical turn” in modern philosophy, and, secondly, answer question how justified grounds for such are. proposed is based on reconstruction Eugene Dupréel’s arguments were directed against “classical philosophy” their reception Chaim Perelman...