Scoliosis, kyphosis, and bone fracture are health problems, especially of the elderly throughout the world. The vertebra protects the spinal cord. Any impairment to the vertebra can lead to pain and nervousness. Ni-Ti alloy (Nitinol) helps to resolve the problem by fulfilling such requirements as for strength, durability, resistance to wear, and shockwave damping which is due to the shape memor...

This paper identifies two notions of substitutes for auction and equilibrium analysis. Weak substitutes, which is the usual price-theory notion, guarantees monotonicity of tâtonnement processes and convergence of clock auctions to a pseudoequilibrium, but only strong substitutes, which treats each unit traded as a distinct good with its own price, guarantees that every pseudo-equilibrium is a W...

To the Editorial Committee of the BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY SiRs-In my recent article on the use of oxyphenonium as an atropine substitute (Roper-Hall, 1957) I stated that a previous atropine substitute, Lachesine, had been withdrawn from production. This was true at the date when the article was written in November, 1956, but I have recently learned that Lachesine is now being manufactu...