Metagenomics is increasingly used not just to show patterns of microbial diversity but also as a culture-independent method to detect individual organisms of intense clinical, epidemiological, conservation, forensic, or regulatory interest. A widely reported metagenomic study of the New York subway suggested that the pathogens Yersinia pestis and Bacillus anthracis were part of the "normal subw...

regarding the importance of competitive advantages among the transportation systems, improving the costumer’s satisfaction is an important factor in attracting them to these systems. in this research, we focus on the effects of constructing new stations on users and a new mathematical model is proposed for this problem. in the proposed model, two simultaneous effects on customers by constructin...

© 2014 ETRI Journal, Volume 36, Number 5, October 2014 http://dx.doi.org/10.4218/etrij.14.2214.0007 In this paper, we present a walking guidance system for the visually impaired for use at subway stations. This system, which is based on environmental knowledge, automatically detects and recognizes both exit numbers and arrow signs from natural outdoor scenes. The visually impaired can, therefor...

In an urban city, its transportation network supports efficient flow of people between different parts of the city. Failures in the network can cause major disruptions to commuter and business activities which can result in both significant economic and time losses. In this paper, we investigate the use of centrality measures to determine critical nodes in a transportation network so as to impr...

This paper presents a dynamic traffic assignment (DTA) model for urban multi-modal transportation network by constructing a mesoscopic simulation model. Several traffic means such as private car, subway, bus and bicycle are considered in the network. The mesoscopic simulator consists of a mesoscopic supply simulator based on MesoTS model and a time-dependent demand simulator. The mode choice is...

To every d-dimensional polytope P with centrally symmetric facets one can assign a “subway map” such that every line of this “subway” contains exactly the facets parallel to one of the ridges of P . The belt diameter of P is the maximum number of subway lines one needs to use to get from one facet to another. We prove that the belt diameter of a d-dimensional space-filling zonotope does not exc...

Analyzing public movement in transportation networks in a city is significant in understanding the life of citizen and making improved city plans for the future. This study focuses on investigating the flow orientation of major activity regions based on smart card transit data. The flow orientation based on the real movements such as transit data can provide the easiest way of understanding pub...

This master’s thesis attends to the needs in a control room at a subway corporation. The aim is to develop a software prototype to support the operators in their work and thereby enhance the safety at the subway. The aim is followed by two main questions: How can an interactive decision support system be developed to support the operator and enhance the safety? Can a new kind of workplace with ...

In various industrial fields, the operators use predesigned procedures either to solve problems or for troubleshooting. In the Parisian subway, such procedures exist since 1900. However, these procedures are not always exactly suited to the case at hand, and the operators generally prefer to customize a solution than to rely on fixed procedures. For the design of an “intelligent” assistant syst...