Why is it that different organisms do so many different things with sulfur?  Sulfur exists in many different oxidation states  Reduced sulfur is required for many biomolecules  Sulfur forms can serve as an electron sources or as electron acceptors  Oxidation states of sulfur  Sulfur assimilation in bacteria and yeasts  Sulfur-containing biomolecules  Sulfide Oxidation  Sulfate Reduction...

Biodesulfurization of coal has been carried out in batch culture of single strain and mixed culture of sulfur oxidizing bacteria. The pure cultures of Thiobacillus thiooxidans and Thiobacillus ferrooxidans utilized inorganic sulfur content of Malaysian coal. The chemolithotroph bacteria were able to grow on coal and metabolize the coal's sulfur content. The batch cultures of coal with 3-5 perce...

Biotin synthase catalyzes the conversion of dethiobiotin (DTB) to biotin through the oxidative addition of sulfur between two saturated carbon atoms, generating a thiophane ring fused to the existing ureido ring. Biotin synthase is a member of the radical SAM superfamily, composed of enzymes that reductively cleave S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM or AdoMet) to generate a 5'-deoxyadenosyl radical t...

The crenarchaeal order Sulfolobales collectively contain at least five major terminal oxidase complexes. Based on genome sequence information, all five complexes are found only in Metallosphaera sedula and Sulfolobus tokodaii, the two sequenced Sulfolobales capable of iron oxidization. While specific respiratory complexes in certain Sulfolobales have been characterized previously as proton pump...

Myeloperoxidase, H2O2, and a halide (chloride, bromide, or iodide) form a potent microbicidal system that contributes to the antimicrobial activity of neutrophils. The mechanism of toxicity is not completely understood. Powerful oxidants are formed that presumably attack the microbe at a variety of sites. Among the consequences of this attack is the release of a large proportion of 59Fe of prel...

Ž . Total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry TXRF offers many advantages for the identification of trace elements in biological samples like proteins, enzymes, tissues or plants. Because of difficult and time consuming isolations and cleaning procedures enzyme samples are often available in small amounts only. Using TXRF without any preliminary treatment, a ‘screening’ of such samples t...

Lambs fed semipurified diets supplemented with DL-methionine, hydroxy analog of methionine, calcium sulfate, sodium sulfate or elemental sulfur gained faster, consumed more dry matter, and digested and retained greater weights of nitrogen and sulfur (P<.01) than lambs fed a sulfur deficient diet. Lambs fed a sulfur deficient diet had severe weight losses in 40 days and were removed from the exp...

X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy at the sulfur K-edge was applied to probe the speciation of sulfur of metabolically different sulfur-accumulating bacteria in situ. Fitting the spectra using a least-square fitting routine XANES reveals at least three different forms of sulfur in bacterial sulfur globules. Cyclooctasulfur dominates in the sulfur globules of Beggiatoa alb...

More Information www.agilent.com/chem/icpms Introduction Biogas is the term used to describe the mixture of methane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and other components resulting from the anaerobic fermentation of a variety of biodegradable materials including animal waste, domestic sewage sludge and municipal landfill waste. Because of its methane content (40-75%), biogas can be used as a substitute...