Recently, Enright described an unexpected association between disparity-induced vertical vergence and cycloversion (conjugate eye torsion) [Enright (1992) Vision Research, 415, 279]. The present experiments were performed to verify these findings and investigate the nature of this association. We presented subjects with a dichoptic image of concentric circles in which a step in vertical dispari...

In the next few months these intermittent symptoms became more constant and the patient noticed vertical diplopia on looking down and to the left and on reading; a Hess chart plotted on August i6, I967, now showed slight but definite evidence of a right superior oblique weakness (Fig. 2, opposite). A fortnight later she complained that the diplopia had suddenly altered, so that she was liow exp...

In the mid 1970s, during my ophthalmology training at Johns Hopkins, the mechanisms involved in the common horizontal misalignments of the eyes (horizontal strabismus) were reasonably well understood. At least the muscles involved were known. But even the common forms of cyclovertical strabismus were poorly understood: overacting /underacting oblique muscles, “A” and “V” patterns, dissociated v...

Clinical examination of 15 patients with the superior oblique tendon sheath syndrome showed that 12 of them had some evidence of stenosing tenosynovitis.

Superior oblique muscle/trochlear nerve pairs from goldfish of various ages (1-5 years) have been examined light and electron microscopically. The muscle grows by enlargement (longitudinally and transversely) of individual fibers, and by addition of new ones at the rate of about 250/year. The nerve grows by enlargement of fibers, but few and perhaps no new axons are added. The somata enlarge, a...