A soft lithographic method is described for casting functional thermoplastic devices with microscale features without the need for specialized tools or equipment. In the thermoplastic soft lithography process, termed solvent casting, low temperature supersaturated solutions of thermoplastic are poured over solvent permeable PDMS molds which allow omnidirectional solvent removal as they template...

Characterizing the microstructural evolution of lipid aggregates and precipitates in lithogenic bile is pivotal for understanding the process of cholesterol crystallization, leading to cholesterol gallstone formation. We have studied cholesterol precipitation in bile models and in human bile samples by the combined use of lightand cryotransmission electron microscopy with density gradient separ...

Supersaturated Al-Ti-Cr alloys were produced by a continuous electron beam evaporation technique. The as-deposited alloy sheets were fcc supersaturated solid solution with an average grain size of about 400 nm. Due to the fine grain size, the hardness of the alloy was as high as 270Hv. The sheet showed age hardening, and the peak hardness of 340Hv was obtained after aging at 623K for 900 s, in ...

Supersaturated design (SSD) has received much interest because of its potential in factor screening experiments. Recently, Chen and Liu [Chen, J., Liu, M.Q., 2008a. Optimal mixedlevel k-circulant supersaturated designs. J. Statist. Plann. Inference 138, 4151–4157] explored the construction of E(fNOD )-optimalmixed-level SSDs using k-cyclic generators. As an extension, this paper further studies...

[1] We develop a new, lattice effects-free lattice Boltzmann model for simulating crystal growth from supersaturated solution. Simulations of crystal growth from a single or multiple nuclei in a domain initially filled with supersaturated solution are presented, such as in the case of gas hydrate formation. We find that as the process changes from diffusion-controlled to surface reaction-contro...

This study describes three-dimensional numerical simulations of the evolution of an aircraft contrail during the first 30 min following the emission of exhausts. The wake is modeled as a vortex pair descending in a stratified atmosphere where turbulent fluctuations are sustained in the late dissipation regime. The focus of the study is laid on the interactions between vortex dynamics, atmospher...

Supersaturated designs are very cost-effective with respect to the number of runs and as such are highly desirable in many preliminary studies in industrial experimentation. Variable selection plays an important role in analyzing data from the supersaturated designs. Traditional approaches, such as the best subset variable selection and stepwise regression, may not be appropriate in this situat...

Over the last decades, the collection and storage of data has become massive with the advance of technology and variable selection has become a fundamental tool to large dimensional statistical modelling problems. In this study we implement data mining techniques, metaheuristics and use experimental designs in databases in order to determine the most relevant variables for classification in reg...

There exists a variety of theories of the glass transition and many more numerical models. But because the models need built-in complexity to prevent crystallization, comparisons with theory can be difficult. We study the dynamics of a deeply supersaturated monodisperse four-dimensional (4D) hard-sphere fluid, which has no such complexity, but whose strong intrinsic geometrical frustration inhi...

Self-organization of molecules in solution is an important natural and synthetic process, in particular for the preparation of nanomaterials. However, the mechanism of growth for solution-based nanoparticle formation is not always well understood. We present results that clarify these mechanisms in solutions of magnesium phthalocyanine in which the self-organization is induced by addition of a ...